What should be applied to a wound after a tick bite in a human? - briefly
Apply a broad-spectrum antiseptic (e.g., povidone‑iodine or chlorhexidine) to the bite site and then protect it with a sterile dressing.
What should be applied to a wound after a tick bite in a human? - in detail
After a tick has been detached, the wound should be cleansed promptly. Rinse the site with running water and apply a mild, non‑irritating soap if available. Pat the area dry with a clean gauze pad.
Apply a broad‑spectrum antiseptic to reduce bacterial colonisation. Suitable options include:
- 70 % isopropyl alcohol, applied with a sterile cotton swab and allowed to evaporate.
- 0.5 % povidone‑iodine solution, left on the skin for at least 30 seconds.
- Chlorhexidine gluconate (2 % solution), applied and left uncovered for a few minutes.
If the bite area is inflamed or painful, a topical anti‑inflammatory such as a low‑dose hydrocortisone cream may be used, but only after the antiseptic has dried.
Systemic prophylaxis may be required depending on the tick species, attachment duration, and regional disease prevalence. Consider:
- A single dose of doxycycline (200 mg) within 72 hours of removal for prevention of Lyme disease in endemic areas.
- Amoxicillin (500 mg three times daily for 10 days) as an alternative for patients unable to take doxycycline.
- Tetanus booster if immunisation status is outdated or the wound is contaminated.
Observe the site for signs of infection: increasing redness, swelling, warmth, pus, or fever. Seek medical evaluation if any of these develop, or if a rash characteristic of early Lyme disease (erythema migrans) appears.
Document the date of bite, location on the body, and any identification of the tick. This information assists healthcare providers in assessing the need for further intervention.