What product should be used to eliminate lice? - briefly
The first‑line product is a 1 % permethrin shampoo or lotion applied according to the label instructions; it effectively kills live lice and hatches eggs. For infestations resistant to permethrin, a 0.5 % malathion lotion can be used under medical supervision.
What product should be used to eliminate lice? - in detail
Effective lice eradication relies on selecting a product that combines immediate insecticidal action with residual activity to prevent re‑infestation. Prescription‑strength permethrin (1 %) or pyrethrin‑based shampoos provide rapid knock‑down of adult lice and nymphs. Over‑the‑counter formulations containing dimethicone, a silicone‑based compound, suffocate lice without resistance concerns and are safe for children over two months. Benzyl alcohol 5 % lotion, approved for infants six months and older, kills lice through desiccation but does not affect eggs; a second application after seven days eliminates newly hatched nymphs.
Key considerations for product choice:
- Resistance profile – Permethrin resistance is widespread; dimethicone and benzyl alcohol retain efficacy.
- Age restrictions – Dimethicone suitable for infants; permethrin limited to children older than two months in many regions.
- Egg (nits) activity – Dimethicone penetrates the nit sheath; permethrin and benzyl alcohol require retreatment to address hatching eggs.
- Safety – Dimethicone non‑neurotoxic; benzyl alcohol may cause skin irritation; permethrin contraindicated in individuals with known hypersensitivity.
Recommended regimen:
- Apply the chosen product according to label instructions, ensuring thorough coverage of scalp and hair shafts.
- Comb wet hair with a fine‑toothed lice comb at 5‑minute intervals for 10 minutes to remove detached insects and nits.
- Repeat treatment after seven days to target any surviving eggs.
- Wash bedding, clothing, and personal items in hot water (≥ 60 °C) or seal in plastic bags for two weeks to prevent re‑infestation.
Consultation with a healthcare professional is advised when treating infants, pregnant individuals, or cases of severe infestation. Continuous monitoring for side effects and adherence to the retreatment schedule maximizes success.