What is the test called for subcutaneous tick on the face? - briefly
The procedure is called a dermoscopic examination (skin surface microscopy) of the suspected tick site. It allows visualization of the tick’s body and any subcutaneous structures without invasive surgery.
What is the test called for subcutaneous tick on the face? - in detail
The diagnostic procedure for a tick lodged beneath the skin of the face begins with a visual assessment using a high‑magnification dermatoscope. Dermoscopy reveals the tick’s body outline, mouthparts, and any surrounding erythema, allowing clinicians to confirm that the parasite is still attached and to gauge the depth of penetration.
If the tick cannot be fully visualized or if the lesion is obscured by swelling, a high‑frequency (10–15 MHz) ultrasound scan is employed. Sonographic imaging distinguishes the tick’s exoskeleton from surrounding tissue, measures its depth, and identifies any associated fluid collections that may indicate secondary infection.
When the tick is removed, the specimen is sent to a reference laboratory for species identification. Identification relies on morphological examination under a stereomicroscope and, when necessary, molecular analysis such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting mitochondrial 16S rRNA or COI genes. Accurate species determination guides risk assessment for pathogen transmission.
Serologic testing is indicated when the tick species is known to transmit Borrelia burgdorferi, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, or other tick‑borne agents. Recommended assays include:
- Enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for IgM and IgG antibodies against Lyme disease.
- Immunofluorescence assay (IFA) for Anaplasma and Ehrlichia.
- Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on blood samples if early infection is suspected.
In cases of extensive local inflammation or signs of cellulitis, a bacterial culture of any exudate may be performed, and empiric antibiotic therapy is guided by culture results and prevailing guidelines.
Overall, the evaluation combines dermoscopic inspection, ultrasound imaging, laboratory identification of the tick, and targeted serologic or molecular tests to confirm exposure to pathogenic agents and to direct appropriate treatment.