What is the best treatment for lice? - briefly
«Permethrin 1 %» cream rinse applied for 10 minutes, followed by thorough nit‑comb removal and a repeat treatment after 7–10 days, yields the highest eradication rate. Additional steps include washing bedding at ≥50 °C and preventing head‑to‑head contact.
What is the best treatment for lice? - in detail
Lice infestations require prompt eradication to prevent spread and discomfort. Effective management combines topical agents, thorough combing, and environmental decontamination.
Topical pediculicides remain primary tools. Over‑the‑counter products containing 1 % permethrin or pyrethrins are recommended for initial treatment; repeat application after 7–10 days eliminates newly hatched nymphs. When resistance to permethrin is documented, 0.5 % malathion or 0.9 % spinosad provide alternative mechanisms of action. Prescription options include 5 % benzyl alcohol lotion, 0.1 % ivermectin lotion, and, where authorized, 1 % lindane for limited use in older children. Dimethicone‑based liquids, devoid of neurotoxic compounds, offer a non‑chemical approach with comparable efficacy.
Mechanical removal complements chemical therapy. Wet combing with a fine‑toothed lice comb, performed on damp hair every 2–3 days for two weeks, extracts live insects and eggs. This method is essential for infants, pregnant individuals, or when chemical agents are contraindicated.
Environmental measures reduce reinfestation risk. Wash bedding, clothing, and towels used within the previous 48 hours in water ≥ 60 °C or seal items in a plastic bag for two weeks. Vacuum carpets and upholstered furniture; avoid sharing personal items such as hats, brushes, and headphones.
A typical protocol: apply a 1 % permethrin preparation to clean, dry hair; leave for 10 minutes; rinse and comb with a lice comb; repeat after 9 days. If lice persist, switch to spinosad or a prescription lotion, followed by a second combing session. Maintain environmental controls throughout the treatment period.
Overall, the most reliable regimen integrates an evidence‑based topical agent, systematic combing, and strict hygiene practices to achieve complete eradication.