What is a flea collar composed of? - briefly
A flea collar is built from a polymer or fabric strip infused with insecticidal agents—commonly imidacloprid, flumethrin, or pyriproxyfen—and a resin carrier that controls the gradual release of these chemicals.
What is a flea collar composed of? - in detail
A flea collar is a polymer‑based band that encircles a pet’s neck and releases active agents to control fleas and ticks. The core components include:
- Active ingredients – synthetic insecticides such as imidacloprid, pyriproxyfen, or selamectin, and sometimes natural repellents like essential oils (e.g., citronella, peppermint). These chemicals interfere with the nervous system of parasites, causing paralysis or preventing development.
- Carrier matrix – a flexible, non‑toxic polymer (often a blend of polyurethanes, polyethylenes, or silicone) that embeds the active agents and governs their gradual diffusion.
- Fixatives and stabilizers – compounds such as antioxidants, UV absorbers, and plasticizers that preserve potency, prevent degradation, and maintain the collar’s elasticity over months of wear.
- Adhesive layer – a thin coating that ensures contact with the animal’s skin, facilitating transdermal transfer of the insecticide.
- Safety additives – low‑toxicity substances (e.g., fragrance‑masking agents, hypoallergenic fillers) that reduce irritation and odor.
The manufacturing process typically involves melt‑extrusion of the polymer matrix, followed by impregnation of the active chemicals under controlled temperature and pressure. After cooling, the collar is cut to size, coated with the adhesive layer, and packaged with usage instructions.
Efficacy depends on the precise ratio of active ingredient to carrier, the release rate calibrated by the polymer’s permeability, and the durability of the fixative layer. Properly formulated collars provide continuous protection for up to six months, after which the active content diminishes below therapeutic levels.