What dangers do fleas pose? - briefly
Fleas transmit pathogens such as Yersinia pestis, Rickettsia typhi, and Bartonella henselae, and they induce allergic dermatitis and anemia in heavily infested hosts. Infestations also compromise animal health, increasing susceptibility to secondary infections and reducing overall welfare.
What dangers do fleas pose? - in detail
Fleas represent a significant health threat to both animals and humans. Their small size enables rapid movement through fur, bedding, and carpet, facilitating widespread infestation.
Key risks include:
- Transmission of bacterial infections such as plague (Yersinia pestis) and murine typhus (Rickettsia typhi).
- Spread of parasitic diseases, notably tapeworms (Dipylidium caninum) acquired when pets ingest infected insects.
- Induction of allergic dermatitis caused by flea saliva, leading to intense itching, skin inflammation, and secondary bacterial infection.
- Development of anemia, especially in young or small animals, due to repeated blood meals that can exceed 15 % of total blood volume.
- Psychological distress in pets and owners, resulting from persistent scratching, loss of coat quality, and reduced comfort.
Secondary consequences extend beyond immediate health effects. Infestations compromise indoor hygiene, increase cleaning costs, and may require professional pest control interventions. In livestock, flea burdens reduce weight gain and milk production, affecting economic productivity.
Preventive measures focus on regular grooming, environmental sanitation, and the use of approved ectoparasitic agents. Early detection through routine inspection of animal skin and living areas limits the potential for disease transmission and mitigates long‑term health impacts.