What can you buy to fight lice? - briefly
Effective options are over‑the‑counter pediculicides (permethrin 1% shampoo, pyrethrin‑based lotion, dimethicone spray) and fine‑tooth combs for manual removal. Prescription treatments such as ivermectin or malathion are used for resistant cases.
What can you buy to fight lice? - in detail
Effective lice eradication relies on a combination of chemical, mechanical, and environmental products.
Over‑the‑counter shampoos and lotions contain insecticides such as pyrethrins, permethrin (1 %), or dimethicone. They are applied to wet hair, left for the recommended time, and rinsed thoroughly. Dimethicone works by coating lice and preventing respiration, while pyrethrins and permethrin disrupt the nervous system.
Prescription options include malathion 0.5 % lotion, benzyl alcohol 5 % lotion, and ivermectin 0.5 % cream. These formulations are reserved for resistant infestations and require a pharmacist’s verification.
Fine‑toothed nit combs, typically made of stainless steel with 0.15–0.20 mm spacing, physically remove nits and live lice. Regular combing—every 2–3 days for two weeks—supplements chemical treatments and reduces reinfestation.
Sprays and powders formulated with essential oils (tea tree, neem) or silicone polymers provide a non‑insecticidal adjunct. They are applied to hair and scalp after washing and left to air‑dry, offering a residual barrier for several days.
Lice‑specific wipes contain disinfectant agents that can be used on personal items such as hairbrushes, hats, and headphones. They are useful for quick decontamination of surfaces that cannot be laundered.
Laundry additives, including specialized detergent boosters or lice‑killing laundry sprays, are added to the wash cycle for clothing, bedding, and towels. They target eggs that survive a single hot‑wash cycle.
Environmental treatments involve foggers or aerosol sprays containing permethrin or pyrethrins for rooms, carpets, and upholstered furniture. These products should be applied according to manufacturer instructions, with ventilation maintained during and after use.
Each category serves a distinct role: chemical agents kill live lice, combs extract eggs, and environmental products prevent re‑colonization. A comprehensive approach—combining a suitable topical treatment, regular nit combing, and thorough cleaning of personal and household items—maximizes eradication success.