What can be used to remove lice from a person’s head? - briefly
A 1 % «permethrin» shampoo applied to the scalp for ten minutes, followed by thorough combing with a fine‑toothed nit comb, eliminates most infestations. «Dimethicone» lotions, oral «ivermectin», and petroleum‑based ointments provide additional effective alternatives.
What can be used to remove lice from a person’s head? - in detail
Effective elimination of head‑lice infestations relies on a combination of chemical, mechanical, and environmental strategies.
Topical insecticides remain the primary option. Permethrin 1 % lotion, applied to dry hair for ten minutes before rinsing, disrupts the nervous system of the parasite. Pyrethrin formulations, often combined with piperonyl‑butoxide to enhance penetration, provide an alternative for individuals with permethrin sensitivity. For resistant cases, malathion 0.5 % or spinosad 0.9 % may be prescribed, each requiring strict adherence to dosage and exposure time to avoid adverse reactions.
Mechanical removal complements chemical treatment. Fine‑toothed nit combs, used on wet, conditioned hair, extract live insects and viable eggs. Repeated combing every three to four days for two weeks ensures removal of newly hatched nymphs.
Natural agents offer adjunctive options. Dimethicone‑based lotions coat lice, suffocating them without neurotoxic effects. Essential‑oil mixtures—such as tea‑tree oil (5 %), neem oil (10 %), and lavender oil (5 %)—exhibit ovicidal activity when applied consistently for a week. These preparations should be tested for skin tolerance before widespread use.
Environmental control reduces re‑infestation risk. Washing bedding, clothing, and personal items at ≥ 60 °C or sealing them in airtight bags for two weeks eliminates dormant stages. Vacuuming carpets and upholstered furniture removes stray nymphs.
After treatment, monitoring continues for at least four weeks. Regular visual inspections of the scalp and hair, coupled with repeat nit‑comb sessions, confirm eradication. Prompt retreatment is warranted if live lice reappear.
Combining approved insecticidal products, thorough combing, safe natural adjuncts, and rigorous environmental sanitation yields the most reliable outcome for head‑lice removal.