What can be used to kill lice and nits at home? - briefly
Over‑the‑counter pediculicides that contain permethrin or pyrethrin, applied as directed, eradicate lice and their eggs. Follow with fine‑toothed nit combing and washing bedding in hot water to remove any remaining nits.
What can be used to kill lice and nits at home? - in detail
Effective elimination of head‑lice infestations and their eggs can be achieved with a combination of chemical, mechanical, and environmental strategies.
Over‑the‑counter pediculicides contain either pyrethrins, permethrin (1 %), or dimethicone (4–5 %). Apply the product to dry hair, follow the label‑specified exposure time, then rinse thoroughly. Repeat the treatment after 7–10 days to target newly hatched nymphs that survived the first application.
Prescription options include malathion (0.5 %) and ivermectin lotion (0.5 %). These agents require a physician’s authorization and are reserved for resistant cases. Apply according to medical guidance, ensuring complete coverage of the scalp and hair shafts.
Mechanical removal remains essential. Use a fine‑toothed nit comb on wet, conditioned hair. Section the hair, comb from scalp to tip, and wipe the comb after each pass. Perform this process daily for at least two weeks.
Natural compounds with limited scientific support include:
- 20 % tea‑tree oil mixed with a carrier oil, applied to the scalp for 30 minutes before washing.
- 2 % neem oil diluted in a shampoo, used in place of regular cleansing.
These should be combined with combing to improve efficacy.
Environmental decontamination reduces reinfestation risk. Wash all clothing, bedding, and towels used within the previous 48 hours in water ≥ 60 °C, then tumble‑dry on high heat. Items that cannot be laundered should be sealed in plastic bags for two weeks or exposed to a freezer at –18 °C for at least 24 hours. Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and car seats; discard the vacuum bag afterward.
Summary of actionable steps:
- Apply an FDA‑approved lice shampoo or prescription treatment as directed.
- Conduct daily nit‑comb sessions for 14 days, cleaning the comb after each use.
- Launder or isolate personal items using high‑temperature or freezing methods.
- Vacuum and clean living areas to eliminate stray eggs.
Adhering to this protocol maximizes eradication of both adult insects and dormant eggs within the household environment.