What are the mites called that are found in a cat's ears? - briefly
The ear mites that infest a cat’s ears are Otodectes cynotis, commonly referred to as ear mites.
What are the mites called that are found in a cat's ears? - in detail
Ear mites that infest feline auditory canals are scientifically identified as Otodectes cynotis. These ectoparasites belong to the family Psoroptidae and are obligate skin dwellers, thriving in the warm, moist environment of the ear canal.
The adult mite measures approximately 0.3–0.5 mm, possesses a flattened body, and bears four pairs of legs adapted for clinging to epithelial surfaces. Females lay 10–15 eggs per day on the cerumen, and the eggs hatch within three to four days. Larvae develop through two nymphal stages, each lasting about three days, before reaching adulthood at roughly ten days post‑hatch. The complete life cycle is completed in two weeks, allowing rapid population expansion.
Clinical manifestations include:
- Accumulation of dark, crumbly debris (ceruminous discharge) that may resemble coffee grounds
- Intense pruritus leading to head shaking and ear scratching
- Redness and inflammation of the external ear canal
- Secondary bacterial or fungal infections if untreated
Veterinarians confirm infestation by microscopic examination of ear swabs. Direct visualization reveals the characteristic oval, crab‑like mites moving within the debris.
Effective management strategies comprise:
- Topical acaricidal agents (e.g., selamectin, moxidectin, or ivermectin formulations) applied according to label instructions.
- Systemic medications (e.g., milbemycin oxime) for broader parasite control.
- Thorough cleaning of the ear canal with a veterinarian‑approved solution to remove debris before medication application.
- Re‑treatment after 7–10 days to eliminate newly hatched mites and prevent recurrence.
Preventive measures focus on regular ear inspections, especially in multi‑cat households or shelters, and maintaining up‑to‑date parasite prophylaxis. Environmental decontamination is generally unnecessary because Otodectes cynotis cannot survive more than 24 hours off the host.
Understanding the biology, symptomatology, and therapeutic options for these mites enables prompt resolution of ear infestations and reduces the risk of complications.