What are fleas in the head? - briefly
Head fleas are tiny, wingless parasites that inhabit the scalp and feed on human blood. They cause itching and are eliminated with combs or insecticidal treatments.
What are fleas in the head? - in detail
Fleas that infest the scalp are small, wing‑less insects belonging to the order Siphonaptera. They survive by feeding on human blood, causing irritation and potential skin lesions. Adult fleas measure 1–3 mm, have laterally compressed bodies, and possess powerful hind legs for jumping. Their life cycle includes egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages; each phase occurs on the head or in the surrounding environment such as bedding, hats, and hairbrushes.
Infestation manifests as intense itching, redness, and the presence of tiny black specks (feces) embedded in hair shafts. Scratching may lead to secondary bacterial infection. Diagnosis relies on visual inspection of the scalp to locate live insects, nits attached close to the hair root, or darkened spots indicating flea droppings.
Effective eradication combines mechanical removal and chemical treatment. Recommended steps are:
- Use a fine‑toothed comb to detach adult fleas and nits from the hair.
- Apply a topical pediculicide containing permethrin or pyrethrin, following label instructions precisely.
- Wash all personal items—pillows, hats, scarves—in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and dry on high heat.
- Vacuum carpets and upholstered furniture to eliminate fallen eggs and larvae.
- Repeat the combing and treatment process after 7–10 days to address any newly hatched insects.
Prevention focuses on limiting contact with infested individuals or contaminated objects. Regular inspection of hair, especially after close contact in crowded settings, reduces the likelihood of recurrence. Maintaining clean bedding and avoiding sharing personal headgear further diminish the risk of scalp flea infestations.