What are flea collars for dogs impregnated with? - briefly
Dog flea collars are saturated with insecticidal chemicals such as «imidacloprid», «pyriproxyfen» or «carbaryl», which spread onto the dog’s skin and coat. These compounds interrupt the flea life cycle, providing continuous protection.
What are flea collars for dogs impregnated with? - in detail
Flea collars for dogs contain active chemicals that are slowly released onto the animal’s skin and fur. The substances are embedded in a polymer or wax matrix that maintains a constant diffusion rate for weeks or months.
Common active agents include:
- Pyrethrins — natural extracts that disrupt the nervous system of fleas, causing paralysis and death. Typically present at 0.5‑2 % concentration.
- Imidacloprid — a neonicotinoid that binds to insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, leading to overstimulation and fatal paralysis. Formulations range from 0.1‑0.5 %.
- Selamectin — a macrocyclic lactone that interferes with neurotransmission in parasites, effective against fleas, ticks, and some internal worms. Usually incorporated at 0.5‑1 %.
- Pyriproxyfen — an insect growth regulator that prevents flea eggs from developing into adults. Used in concentrations of 0.01‑0.05 %.
The matrix material is often a flexible polymer resin that adheres to the collar surface. As the collar warms against the dog’s body, the resin softens, allowing the active molecules to migrate outward. This creates a reservoir that delivers a steady dose without the need for re‑application.
Safety considerations focus on species‑specific toxicity. Dogs tolerate the listed agents at the stated concentrations, while cats may experience adverse reactions to pyrethrins and other compounds. Manufacturers provide minimum weight guidelines to ensure the diffusion rate stays within safe limits.
Regulatory agencies require efficacy testing against Ctenocephalides familiaris and toxicology studies on target and non‑target species. Products must display active ingredient names, concentrations, and expiration dates on the packaging.