Lice on a small child: what should be done? - briefly
Apply a pediatric‑approved lice treatment and comb out nits with a fine‑toothed comb. Wash bedding, clothing, and toys in hot water, vacuum the environment, and repeat the treatment after 7–10 days to prevent re‑infestation.
Lice on a small child: what should be done? - in detail
A head‑lice infestation in a toddler requires prompt, systematic action.
First, confirm the presence of live insects or viable eggs (nits) near the scalp, especially behind the ears and at the nape. Use a fine‑toothed comb on wet hair to separate strands and expose any attached ova.
Second, apply an approved pediculicide. Options include:
- 1% permethrin lotion or shampoo, left on the scalp for ten minutes before rinsing.
- 0.5% malathion lotion, applied for eight hours and then washed off.
- Dimethicone‑based products, which coat and immobilize the parasites without neurotoxic activity.
Follow the manufacturer’s instructions precisely; do not exceed recommended exposure time. After treatment, comb the hair again with a nit comb to remove dead insects and residual nits.
Third, treat the immediate environment:
- Wash all clothing, bedding, and towels used within the previous 48 hours in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and dry on high heat.
- Place non‑washable items in a sealed plastic bag for two weeks.
- Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and car seats; discard vacuum bags immediately.
Fourth, repeat the treatment after seven to ten days to eliminate any newly hatched lice that survived the first application. A second combing session should accompany the repeat dose.
Fifth, monitor the child and close contacts daily for at least three weeks. If any household member shows signs of infestation, treat them concurrently to prevent re‑infestation.
Finally, adopt preventive measures:
- Teach the child to avoid head‑to‑head contact during play.
- Keep hair tied back when in group settings.
- Regularly inspect hair after school or daycare attendance.
By following these steps, the infestation can be eradicated efficiently and the risk of recurrence minimized.