Lice in people: how to remove them? - briefly
Use an FDA‑approved pediculicide (shampoo, lotion, or spray) according to the label, then comb hair with a fine‑toothed nit comb to remove live lice and nits, repeating the process after 7–10 days. Wash clothing, bedding, and personal items in hot water (≥ 130 °F) or seal them in plastic bags for two weeks to prevent re‑infestation.
Lice in people: how to remove them? - in detail
Head lice infestations affect the scalp and hair, requiring prompt eradication to stop spreading. Effective removal combines chemical or physical treatments, thorough cleaning of personal items, and follow‑up examinations.
Chemical agents
- Permethrin 1 % lotion applied to dry hair, left for 10 minutes, then rinsed.
- Pyrethrin‑based shampoos used similarly; repeat after 7–10 days.
- Malathion 0.5 % lotion for resistant cases, applied for 8–12 hours before washing.
- Dimethicone lotions that coat lice, preventing breathing, left for 30 minutes, then combed out.
Physical methods
- Fine‑toothed nit combs used on wet, conditioned hair; comb from scalp outward, wiping comb after each pass.
- Hot water immersion (≥ 50 °C) for 5 minutes kills lice but may damage hair; not recommended for all hair types.
- Steam devices designed for scalp treatment, applying heat for a specified duration.
Environmental control
- Wash bedding, clothing, and towels in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and dry on high heat.
- Seal non‑washable items in airtight bags for two weeks.
- Vacuum carpets and upholstered furniture to remove stray eggs.
Follow‑up protocol
- Re‑inspect hair and scalp 7 days after initial treatment; repeat the chosen method if live lice are detected.
- Conduct a second treatment 10 days after the first to eliminate newly hatched nymphs.
- Educate affected individuals about avoiding head‑to‑head contact and not sharing personal items.
Prevention tips
- Encourage regular head checks, especially in school settings.
- Maintain short hair or keep long hair tied back to reduce contact.
- Use lice‑preventive sprays on combs and hair accessories.
Combining a proven topical treatment with meticulous combing, proper laundering, and diligent re‑examination ensures complete eradication and minimizes recurrence.