Lice in a child: what should an adult do? - briefly
Inspect the child's hair, remove live insects and nits with a fine-tooth comb, and apply an FDA‑approved pediculicide according to label directions. Wash bedding, clothing, and personal items in hot water, vacuum the environment, and repeat treatment after seven days to eradicate any newly hatched lice.
Lice in a child: what should an adult do? - in detail
When a youngster is found with head lice, immediate action reduces spread and discomfort. First, isolate the child’s personal items—hats, scarves, hair accessories, bedding, and towels—until treatment is complete. Wash washable fabrics in hot water (minimum 130 °F/54 °C) and dry on high heat; for non‑washable items, seal them in a plastic bag for two weeks to starve the insects.
Next, select an appropriate pediculicide. Over‑the‑counter products containing 1 % permethrin or 0.5 % pyrethrin are approved for children over two years. Follow label instructions precisely: apply to dry hair, leave for the recommended duration, then rinse thoroughly. For children under two, consult a pediatrician before using any chemical treatment; a manual removal method may be advised.
Manual removal complements chemical therapy. After the initial application, comb the hair with a fine‑toothed lice comb while the hair is still damp. Section the hair, start at the scalp, and pull the comb slowly toward the ends. Rinse the comb in hot water after each pass. Repeat this process every 2–3 days for ten days to capture newly hatched nymphs.
Inspect the entire household. Examine all close contacts—siblings, parents, caregivers—using the same combing technique. Treat any additional cases promptly to prevent re‑infestation. Clean shared surfaces, such as couches, car seats, and hairbrushes, by wiping with a disinfectant or soaking in hot water.
Finally, educate the child and family about preventive measures. Encourage regular hair checks, avoid sharing personal items, and maintain hygiene practices without creating a stigma. Document the treatment dates and outcomes to monitor progress and verify that the infestation has been eliminated.