How to treat subcutaneous ticks in cats? - briefly
Consult a veterinarian for systemic acaricide treatment (such as oral ivermectin, selamectin, or a spot‑on formulation) and for surgical removal of any embedded ticks, supplemented with anti‑inflammatory medication to minimize tissue reaction. Schedule a follow‑up exam to confirm complete resolution and to implement regular preventive measures.
How to treat subcutaneous ticks in cats? - in detail
Subcutaneous tick infestations in felines require prompt identification, appropriate medication, and preventive measures.
First, confirm the presence of ticks embedded beneath the skin. Signs include localized swelling, a firm nodule, or a small puncture wound with a tick’s head remaining inside. Palpation may reveal a hard, elongated mass. In ambiguous cases, a veterinarian can use dermoscopy or ultrasound to visualize the parasite.
Second, remove the embedded tick safely. The recommended method involves:
- Administering a short‑acting sedative or local anesthetic to reduce pain and movement.
- Making a small incision directly over the nodule with sterile scissors or a scalpel.
- Extracting the tick whole, using fine forceps to grasp the mouthparts.
- Inspecting the removed specimen to ensure no fragments remain; any leftover parts can cause secondary infection.
Third, treat the wound and prevent infection. Apply a topical antiseptic (e.g., chlorhexidine solution) after removal, then cover with a sterile gauze dressing if needed. A short course of systemic antibiotics (such as amoxicillin‑clavulanate) may be prescribed, especially if inflammation or discharge is observed. Analgesics (e.g., meloxicam) can alleviate postoperative discomfort.
Fourth, address potential systemic effects. Subcutaneous ticks may transmit pathogens like Bartonella or Rickettsia. Conduct a complete blood panel and specific serology to detect anemia, thrombocytopenia, or exposure to vector‑borne diseases. If infection is confirmed, follow the veterinary guidelines for antimicrobial therapy tailored to the identified organism.
Finally, implement long‑term protection to avoid recurrence. Options include:
- Monthly topical acaricides (e.g., selamectin, fipronil) applied to the skin at the base of the neck.
- Oral preventatives containing nitenpyram or afoxolaner, administered according to the manufacturer’s schedule.
- Environmental control: regular vacuuming, washing bedding at high temperatures, and treating the home with an EPA‑registered acaricide if a heavy infestation is suspected.
Regular grooming and routine veterinary examinations enhance early detection. Owners should inspect their cats’ coat, especially in areas with dense fur, after outdoor exposure. Prompt action reduces the risk of tissue damage, secondary infection, and disease transmission.