How to treat lice on an adult's head? - briefly
Use an FDA‑approved pediculicide shampoo or lotion, apply it according to the product instructions, then comb the hair with a fine‑tooth nit comb to remove live insects and eggs, and repeat the treatment after 7–10 days to eliminate any newly hatched lice.
How to treat lice on an adult's head? - in detail
Adult head‑lice infestations require prompt, thorough management to eliminate both the insects and their eggs. Accurate identification begins with a visual inspection using a fine‑toothed comb on wet, conditioned hair; live lice appear as small, wingless insects, while nits cling firmly to the shaft within a millimetre of the scalp.
First‑line therapy consists of over‑the‑counter pediculicides containing either 1 % permethrin or 0.5 % pyrethrin combined with piperonyl butoxide. Apply the product to dry hair, following the manufacturer’s timing (usually 10 minutes), then rinse thoroughly. Repeat the application after 7–10 days to target newly hatched nits that survived the initial dose. Use a fine comb after each treatment to remove residual nits; repeat combing every 2–3 days for two weeks.
If resistance is suspected or the infestation persists, prescription options such as 0.5 % malathion, 0.05 % ivermectin lotion, or oral ivermectin (200 µg/kg) can be employed. These agents require a single application or dose, with a second dose 7 days later for maximal efficacy. Dermatological consultation ensures appropriate selection and monitoring for adverse reactions.
Post‑treatment protocol includes washing bedding, hats, scarves, and pillowcases in hot water (≥ 60 °C) or sealing non‑washable items in a plastic bag for two weeks. Vacuum carpets and upholstery to remove stray hairs containing nits. Avoid re‑infestation by refraining from sharing combs, brushes, hats, or hair accessories; encourage regular self‑checks, especially after close contact with others.
Effective control relies on consistent application of chemical agents, mechanical removal of eggs, and environmental sanitation. Following the outlined regimen reduces recurrence risk and restores a lice‑free condition.