How to treat lice in a child's hair? - briefly
Apply a pediculicide shampoo or lotion according to the label’s timing directions, then use a fine‑toothed nit comb to eliminate live lice and nits; repeat the process after 7–10 days to eradicate any newly hatched insects.
How to treat lice in a child's hair? - in detail
Treating a head‑lice infestation in a child requires accurate detection, appropriate medication, meticulous removal of eggs, and environmental sanitation.
First, confirm the presence of lice by examining the scalp under bright light. Look for live insects about 2–3 mm long and nits attached within 1 mm of the hair shaft.
Select a treatment method:
- Over‑the‑counter pediculicides (permethrin 1 % or pyrethrin‑based shampoos). Apply to dry hair, leave for the time specified on the label (usually 10 minutes), then rinse thoroughly. Repeat after 7–10 days to eliminate newly hatched lice.
- Prescription agents (malathion 0.5 %, benzyl alcohol 5 %, ivermectin 0.5 %). Use according to pediatric dosing instructions; these options are effective when resistance to OTC products is suspected.
- Manual removal with a fine‑toothed nit comb. After wetting hair with conditioner, comb from scalp outward in sections. Perform the process every 2–3 days for two weeks.
During any chemical treatment, avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes. Wash hands before and after application.
Environmental control measures:
- Wash all recently worn clothing, bedding, and towels in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and tumble dry on high heat.
- Seal items that cannot be laundered in a sealed plastic bag for at least two weeks.
- Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and car seats to remove stray nits.
Monitor the child’s scalp daily for residual lice. If live insects persist after two treatment cycles, consult a healthcare professional for alternative therapy.
Document the treatment dates, products used, and any adverse reactions to ensure accurate follow‑up.