How to treat human lice? - briefly
Use a pediculicide shampoo or lotion containing permethrin or pyrethrin, then comb hair with a fine‑toothed nit comb to eliminate nits, repeating the application after 7–10 days to target newly hatched lice. Wash bedding, clothing, and personal items in hot water or seal them in plastic bags for two weeks to prevent re‑infestation.
How to treat human lice? - in detail
Treating an infestation of human head lice requires a systematic approach that combines medication, mechanical removal, and environmental control.
First, select an appropriate pediculicide. Over‑the‑counter products containing 1 % permethrin or 0.5 % pyrethrin are effective when applied to dry hair, left for the recommended duration, and then rinsed. Prescription options include 0.5 % malathion, 0.05 % ivermectin lotion, or oral ivermectin tablets for resistant cases. Follow the label or medical guidance precisely; repeat the treatment after 7–10 days to eliminate newly hatched nymphs.
Second, remove live insects and eggs manually. Use a fine‑toothed nit comb on wet, conditioned hair, starting at the scalp and moving toward the tips. Perform combing at least twice daily for a week, discarding comb teeth after each pass.
Third, address personal items and surroundings. Wash clothing, bedding, and towels used within the previous 48 hours in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and tumble‑dry on high heat. Seal non‑washable items in a sealed plastic bag for two weeks. Vacuum carpets, upholstery, and car seats thoroughly; discard vacuum bags afterward.
Fourth, monitor and document progress. Count live lice and viable eggs (nits) before each treatment session. If counts remain above zero after two full cycles of medication and combing, consider alternative agents or consult a healthcare professional for resistance testing.
Finally, implement preventive measures. Advise regular inspection of hair, especially after contact with known cases. Recommend avoiding shared combs, hats, or pillows. Educate caregivers on early detection to limit spread within schools or households.
By adhering to this protocol—pharmacologic intervention, diligent combing, thorough decontamination, ongoing assessment, and preventive education—infestations can be resolved efficiently and recurrence minimized.