How to treat ear mites? - briefly
Apply a veterinary‑prescribed ear mite medication, such as selamectin or ivermectin, directly into the cleaned ear and follow the recommended dosing schedule. Treat all animals in the household and disinfect bedding to prevent reinfestation.
How to treat ear mites? - in detail
Ear mite infestations require prompt identification and a structured therapeutic plan. Initial confirmation involves visual inspection of the ear canal for dark debris and microscopic examination of collected samples. Once confirmed, the treatment protocol consists of three core components: canal cleaning, pharmacologic intervention, and environmental decontamination.
Cleaning the ear canal eliminates debris that shields mites and improves drug penetration. Use a veterinarian‑recommended ear cleanser, apply a measured volume into the canal, massage the base of the ear for 30 seconds, then allow the animal to shake. Wipe excess fluid and crust with gauze. Repeat the procedure daily for three to five days, or until the canal appears clear.
Pharmacologic agents fall into two categories:
- Topical acaricides – products containing selamectin, ivermectin, or pyrethrins are applied directly into the ear. Follow label instructions for dosage; most require a single application, with a repeat dose after 7 days to target newly hatched mites.
- Systemic medications – oral formulations of milbemycin oxime or afoxolaner address concurrent infestations on the skin and provide broader parasite control. Administer the prescribed dose on day 0 and repeat after 30 days for full efficacy.
When using topical treatments, avoid over‑filling the canal and ensure the animal’s head is held upright for at least two minutes to prevent runoff. Observe the pet for adverse reactions such as erythema, swelling, or excessive scratching; discontinue the product and consult a veterinarian if symptoms arise.
Environmental control prevents reinfestation. Wash bedding, blankets, and any fabric the animal contacts in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and dry on high heat. Vacuum carpets, upholstery, and floors thoroughly; discard or clean vacuum bags immediately. For multi‑pet households, treat all animals simultaneously, even if only one shows clinical signs, because ear mites spread easily through contact.
Re‑evaluation occurs 10–14 days after the initial therapy. Examine the ears for residual debris and repeat microscopic sampling if necessary. A clean canal with no mites confirms successful eradication; otherwise, a second course of medication may be required.
Long‑term prevention includes routine ear inspections during veterinary visits, regular cleaning for breeds prone to ear infections, and maintaining up‑to‑date parasite‑preventive programs.