How to treat ear mite in a cat, what are the symptoms? - briefly
Typical signs include intense scratching, frequent ear shaking, and brownish, waxy debris in the ear canal. Effective management involves cleaning the ear and applying a veterinarian‑approved topical acaricide such as selamectin or ivermectin according to the label directions.
How to treat ear mite in a cat, what are the symptoms? - in detail
Ear mites (Otodectes cynotis) are microscopic parasites that inhabit the external ear canal of felines. They feed on earwax and skin debris, causing irritation and inflammation.
Common clinical signs include:
- Dark, crumbly discharge resembling coffee grounds
- Frequent head shaking or ear scratching
- Redness and swelling of the ear canal
- Foul odor from the ear
- Secondary bacterial or yeast infection, indicated by thickened discharge
Diagnosis is confirmed by visual inspection of the ear canal with an otoscope or by microscopic examination of a swab sample. The presence of live mites, their eggs, or fecal pellets validates the infestation.
Effective management consists of three steps: cleaning, medication, and follow‑up.
Cleaning
- Warm the ear with a damp cloth to soften debris.
- Apply a veterinarian‑approved ear cleanser; massage the base of the ear for 30 seconds.
- Drain the fluid and wipe the outer ear with a cotton ball. Avoid inserting cotton swabs deep into the canal.
Medication
- Prescription topical acaricides (e.g., selamectin, moxidectin, or a combination of ivermectin and milbemycin) applied directly into the ear canal as directed.
- Spot‑on treatments applied to the skin at the base of the skull, which reach the ear canal systemically.
- In cases of secondary infection, topical or oral antibiotics/antifungals are required concurrently.
Follow‑up
- Repeat the cleaning and medication regimen according to the product label, typically every 7–10 days for three applications.
- Re‑examine the ears after the final dose; if debris persists, a second course may be necessary.
- Treat all animals in the household, as ear mites spread easily.
Preventive measures include regular ear inspections, maintaining dry ear environments, and using prophylactic spot‑on products prescribed by a veterinarian. Prompt identification and adherence to the treatment protocol eliminate the parasites and prevent recurrence.