How to tell if a dog has lice? - briefly
Typical indicators include persistent scratching, visible white or brown nits attached to hair shafts, and patchy hair loss with reddened or scaly skin. Examination of the coat under a bright light often reveals the small, crab‑like parasites moving between hairs.
How to tell if a dog has lice? - in detail
Recognizing a canine lice infestation relies on observable signs and systematic examination.
Typical external indicators include:
- Small, grayish‑white insects attached to the coat, especially near the neck, ears, and tail base.
- Dark, uneven specks resembling pepper on the fur, representing feces or dead insects.
- Irritated skin that appears reddened or develops small crusts.
Behavioral changes may manifest as persistent scratching, head shaking, or excessive licking of affected areas.
A thorough physical inspection involves parting the fur with a fine‑toothed comb and examining the skin surface. Live parasites are often visible moving slowly, unlike the rapid jumps of fleas. The comb should be run from the head toward the tail, covering the dorsal line, ventral abdomen, and limb joints.
Microscopic analysis of collected specimens confirms species identity. Place a few insects on a slide, add a drop of saline solution, cover with a coverslip, and observe under low magnification. Characteristic features of canine lice include a flattened body, short legs, and elongated antennae.
Differentiation from other ectoparasites is essential. Fleas are larger, jump when disturbed, and leave a distinct “flea dirt” pattern. Mange caused by mites produces intense hair loss and scaly crusts, not the small, attached insects typical of lice.
Veterinary consultation is warranted if:
- Infestation persists after initial treatment.
- Secondary skin infection appears.
- The animal shows signs of anemia or severe discomfort.
Accurate detection combined with appropriate treatment eliminates the parasite and restores skin health.