How to remove lice in pediculosis? - briefly
Apply a WHO‑recommended pediculicide such as 1 % permethrin to wet hair, then comb thoroughly with a fine‑toothed lice comb and repeat the process after 7–10 days. Wash all clothing, bedding, and personal items in hot water (≥50 °C) or seal them for two weeks to prevent reinfestation.
How to remove lice in pediculosis? - in detail
Lice infestations require a systematic approach that combines direct removal, topical medication, and environmental control.
First, confirm the presence of live insects and viable eggs (nits) by examining the scalp with a fine-toothed comb under good lighting. Separate the hair into sections and run the comb from the scalp outward, wiping each tooth with a tissue to detect any moving lice or attached nits.
Second, apply an approved pediculicide. Options include:
- Permethrin 1 % lotion applied to dry hair, left for 10 minutes, then rinsed.
- Pyrethrin‑based products combined with a piperonyl butoxide synergist, used according to label instructions.
- Prescription agents such as malathion 0.5 % or ivermectin 0.5 % lotion for resistant cases.
Follow the product’s recommended waiting time, then wash hair thoroughly with regular shampoo. Do not reuse the same applicator or bottle for other household members.
Third, perform mechanical removal. After the chemical treatment, use a fine-toothed comb (often called a “nit comb”) on wet hair. Work from the scalp outward, cleaning the comb after each pass. Repeat the combing process at least twice a day for seven days to capture any newly hatched lice.
Fourth, treat the environment. Wash bedding, hats, scarves, and towels in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and tumble‑dry on high heat for at least 20 minutes. Items that cannot be laundered should be sealed in a plastic bag for two weeks or exposed to direct sunlight for 48 hours. Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and car seats to remove stray insects and fallen nits.
Fifth, schedule a follow‑up inspection 7–10 days after the initial treatment. Re‑examine the scalp with the comb; if live lice are detected, repeat the pediculicide application once more, adhering strictly to the product’s safety guidelines.
Finally, adopt preventive measures: avoid sharing combs, hair accessories, or headwear; encourage regular head checks in settings where close contact is common; and educate caregivers about early detection. Consistent application of these steps eliminates the infestation and reduces the likelihood of recurrence.