How to recognize lice on the head from a photo?

How to recognize lice on the head from a photo? - briefly

Examine the scalp image for tiny, oval, gray‑brown insects about the size of a sesame seed, and for their translucent, attached eggs (nits) cemented close to the hair shaft near the scalp. Look for itching signs, red bumps, and a “wet‑look” hair texture caused by the lice’s secretions.

How to recognize lice on the head from a photo? - in detail

Identifying head‑lice infestations in photographs requires careful observation of specific visual cues.

The adult insect measures 2–4 mm, appears as a tan‑brown oval body, and possesses six legs that end in claw‑like tarsi. In a clear image, the legs are visible as short, thin extensions near the abdomen. The head of the louse is slightly larger than the thorax, giving the insect a pear‑shaped silhouette.

Nits, the eggs, are often more reliable indicators. They are 0.8 mm long, cylindrical, and firmly attached to the hair shaft at an angle of 30–45°. The shell is translucent to white, sometimes showing a faint orange or brown hue when close to hatching. Nits are positioned within 1–2 cm of the scalp; those farther away are typically empty shells.

Key visual differences from common scalp debris:

  • Dandruff consists of loose, white flakes that do not adhere to hair shafts.
  • Seborrheic scales are larger, yellow‑to‑white, and lack the angled attachment seen in nits.
  • Hair debris appears as detached particles, whereas nits are anchored at a consistent angle.

Optimal photographic conditions:

  1. Use a macro lens or smartphone attachment capable of 10×–30× magnification.
  2. Ensure uniform lighting; diffuse natural light reduces shadows that can obscure small details.
  3. Position the camera perpendicular to the scalp to capture the attachment angle of nits.
  4. Focus on a small section of hair (2–3 cm) near the crown, where infestations are most common.

When analyzing an image, follow a systematic approach:

  • Scan for the characteristic pear‑shaped bodies with visible legs.
  • Locate any cylindrical, angled structures attached to hair shafts.
  • Verify the proximity of these structures to the scalp (≤2 cm).

If both adult lice and attached nits are present, the diagnosis is confirmed. Absence of these features, combined with the presence of only loose flakes, suggests a non‑infestation condition.