How to kill lice? - briefly
Apply an FDA‑approved pediculicide (e.g., 1% permethrin lotion) to dry hair, leave it for the prescribed duration, rinse, then comb with a fine‑toothed nit comb to remove dead insects and eggs; repeat the process after 7–10 days to eliminate any newly hatched lice.
How to kill lice? - in detail
Eliminating head‑lice infestations requires a systematic approach that combines direct treatment, thorough cleaning of personal items, and ongoing monitoring.
Effective chemical agents include permethrin 1 % lotion, pyrethrin‑based sprays, and malathion 0.5 % shampoo. Apply the product according to the label, leave it on the scalp for the recommended time, then rinse thoroughly. Repeat the application after seven to ten days to target newly hatched nymphs.
Non‑chemical alternatives rely on physical removal and suffocation. A fine‑toothed comb, used on wet, conditioned hair, can extract live insects and eggs. Perform combing at least once daily for two weeks, cleaning the comb after each pass with hot water. Occlusive treatments such as dimethicone‑based lotions coat the exoskeleton, preventing respiration and causing death within several hours.
Environmental decontamination minimizes re‑infestation. Wash clothing, bedding, and towels used within the previous 48 hours in water ≥ 50 °C, then tumble‑dry on high heat. Items that cannot be laundered should be sealed in plastic bags for two weeks or exposed to a freezer at –18 °C for at least 24 hours. Vacuum carpets, upholstery, and vehicle seats to remove stray nymphs.
A concise protocol for individuals and households:
- Apply a licensed insecticide or dimethicone product to the scalp; follow label timing.
- Comb wet hair with a nit‑comb every 24 hours for 14 days; disinfect comb after each use.
- Launder all washable fabrics at ≥ 50 °C; dry on high heat.
- Seal non‑launderable items for ≥ 14 days or freeze for ≥ 24 hours.
- Vacuum and clean surfaces where contact occurred.
- Conduct a follow‑up inspection after 10 days; repeat treatment if any live insects are observed.
Monitoring continues for at least four weeks. Document any surviving lice, adjust treatment choice if resistance is suspected, and consult a healthcare professional for persistent cases. This comprehensive regimen maximizes eradication success while limiting the risk of recurrence.