How to get rid of lice on the head? - briefly
Apply a permethrin‑based shampoo or lotion, leave it on for the recommended time, then comb the damp hair with a fine‑tooth nit comb to remove lice and nits; repeat the treatment after 7–10 days to eliminate any newly hatched insects.
How to get rid of lice on the head? - in detail
Eliminating head‑lice infestation requires a systematic approach that combines direct treatment, thorough cleaning of personal items, and ongoing monitoring.
First, select an appropriate pediculicide. Over‑the‑counter preparations containing 1 % permethrin or 0.5 % pyrethrin are effective when applied to dry hair according to the product instructions, left for the recommended time, and then rinsed thoroughly. For resistant cases, a prescription‑only lotion with 0.05 % malathion or 0.2 % ivermectin may be prescribed; these agents act on the nervous system of the insects and require careful dosing.
Second, perform meticulous nit removal. After the chemical treatment, use a fine‑toothed lice comb (spacing 0.2 mm) on wet, conditioned hair. Start at the scalp and pull the comb through each strand, wiping the teeth after every pass. Repeat the combing session every 2–3 days for two weeks to capture newly hatched nits.
Third, address the environment. Wash all clothing, bedding, and towels used within the previous 48 hours in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and dry on high heat for at least 20 minutes. Items that cannot be laundered should be sealed in a plastic bag for two weeks or placed in a freezer at –18 °C for 24 hours. Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and car seats to remove stray lice and eggs.
Fourth, implement preventive measures. Advise individuals to avoid sharing hats, hairbrushes, headphones, or other personal items. Regularly inspect hair, especially after group activities, and repeat the combing protocol if any live insects are observed.
Finally, schedule a follow‑up examination. A professional inspection 7–10 days after the initial treatment confirms eradication. If live lice persist, repeat the pediculicide application with a different active ingredient, following the same cleaning and combing regimen.
By adhering to this multi‑step protocol—chemical treatment, systematic nit removal, environmental decontamination, preventive practices, and professional verification—complete elimination of scalp lice can be achieved efficiently.