How to eliminate lice from a person's head? - briefly
Apply a permethrin‑ or pyrethrin‑based shampoo or lotion, leave it on for the recommended time, then remove live insects and nits with a fine‑toothed comb; repeat the treatment after 7–10 days. Wash all bedding, clothing, and personal items in hot water or seal them in plastic bags for at least 48 hours to prevent re‑infestation.
How to eliminate lice from a person's head? - in detail
Detect the presence of head lice by examining the scalp and hair under bright light. Look for live insects, nymphs, or viable eggs (nits) attached close to the scalp, typically within a quarter‑inch of the hair shaft.
Choose an appropriate treatment method. Options include:
- Over‑the‑counter pediculicides containing permethrin (1 %) or pyrethrins combined with a synergist. Apply according to the label, ensuring the product saturates the hair from scalp to tips. Leave on for the specified duration, then rinse thoroughly.
- Prescription agents such as ivermectin lotion (0.5 %) or malathion (0.5 %). Use as directed by a healthcare professional, especially for resistant infestations.
- Non‑chemical approaches: apply a fine‑toothed lice comb to wet, conditioned hair. Comb in systematic sections, wiping the comb after each pass. Repeat the combing process at 7‑day intervals for at least three sessions to capture newly hatched lice.
Prepare the hair before treatment. Wash with a regular shampoo, towel‑dry, and keep hair damp but not soaking when applying the chosen product or comb. For chemical treatments, avoid using conditioners or hair oils that may create a barrier.
After treatment, cleanse the environment to prevent re‑infestation:
- Wash all bedding, clothing, and towels used within the previous 48 hours in hot water (≥ 130 °F) and dry on high heat.
- Seal non‑washable items in airtight plastic bags for two weeks.
- Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and car seats; discard the vacuum bag or empty the canister immediately.
Monitor the scalp daily for surviving insects or newly laid eggs. If live lice are observed after the initial treatment, repeat the application according to the product’s recommended interval, typically 7‑10 days. Persistent cases may require a different active ingredient or a prescription regimen.
Maintain preventive practices: discourage head‑to‑head contact, avoid sharing hats, hairbrushes, or hair accessories, and perform periodic checks in environments where lice are common, such as schools or daycare centers.