How to correctly treat the head for lice? - briefly
Apply a pediculicide shampoo or lotion exactly as the label instructs, keep it on for the specified period, then rinse and remove nits with a fine‑toothed comb; ensure thorough coverage of the entire scalp and hair. Repeat the entire process after 7–10 days to eradicate any newly emerged lice.
How to correctly treat the head for lice? - in detail
Effective management of a scalp lice infestation requires a systematic approach that combines chemical treatment, mechanical removal, and environmental decontamination.
First, confirm the presence of live insects or viable nits. Use a fine-toothed lice comb on damp hair, examining the comb after each pass. Live lice move quickly; nits appear as oval, yellow‑white structures firmly attached to the hair shaft within 1 cm of the scalp.
Select an appropriate pediculicide. Over‑the‑counter products contain either permethrin (1 %) or pyrethrin with piperonyl butoxide. Apply according to the label: saturate the scalp and hair, leave the preparation for the specified duration (usually 10 minutes), then rinse thoroughly. For resistant cases, prescription options such as malathion (0.5 %) or ivermectin lotion may be used; these require a medical prescription and must be applied as directed.
After the chemical step, perform a thorough combing session. While the hair remains wet, run a lice comb from the scalp to the ends, cleaning the comb after each pass. Repeat this process at least twice daily for 7 days to capture newly hatched lice.
A second chemical application is necessary 7–10 days after the first, targeting any surviving eggs that have hatched. Do not exceed the recommended number of treatments for a given product.
Concurrent environmental measures reduce re‑infestation risk. Wash all recently worn clothing, bedding, and towels in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and dry on high heat. Items that cannot be laundered should be sealed in a plastic bag for two weeks. Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and car seats to remove stray nits.
For infants and pregnant individuals, avoid insecticide shampoos. Instead, use a manual removal strategy: apply a generous amount of conditioner, comb with a fine lice comb, and repeat the process every 2–3 days for a week.
Document the treatment timeline, noting dates of applications, combing sessions, and any adverse reactions. If live lice persist after two full treatment cycles, seek professional medical advice for alternative therapies.