How should lice be properly treated? - briefly
Apply an FDA‑approved pediculicide (shampoo, lotion, or mousse) exactly as directed, then repeat the treatment after 7–10 days to target newly hatched insects. After each application, comb wet hair with a fine‑toothed nit comb to remove nits and prevent reinfestation.
How should lice be properly treated? - in detail
Effective lice management requires a systematic approach that combines immediate eradication, prevention of re‑infestation, and thorough cleaning of personal items.
The first step is to apply an approved pediculicide. Choose a product containing either permethrin (1 %) or pyrethrin, following the manufacturer’s instructions precisely. Apply the lotion or shampoo to dry hair, leave it on for the recommended duration (usually 10 minutes), then rinse thoroughly. For resistant cases, consider a second‑line agent such as malathion (0.5 %) or a prescription ivermectin lotion, but only after confirming suitability with a healthcare professional.
After treatment, remove all viable insects and nits with a fine‑toothed nit comb. Work in sections, combing from scalp to tip, and wipe the comb after each pass. Repeat the combing process daily for at least one week to capture any newly hatched lice.
Concurrent measures reduce the risk of recurrence:
- Wash all worn clothing, bedding, and towels in hot water (≥ 130 °F/54 °C) and dry on high heat for at least 20 minutes. Items that cannot be laundered should be sealed in a plastic bag for two weeks.
- Vacuum carpets, upholstery, and car seats to eliminate stray nits.
- Instruct all close contacts to undergo simultaneous treatment, even if asymptomatic, to break the transmission cycle.
- Advise against sharing combs, hats, hair accessories, or bedding until the infestation is cleared.
Monitor the scalp for at least two weeks post‑treatment. Persistent live lice or viable nits after the second application indicate treatment failure; repeat the regimen with an alternative pediculicide and reassess for possible resistance. If over‑the‑counter options prove ineffective, seek medical evaluation for prescription therapy or oral ivermectin.
By adhering to this protocol—accurate product use, diligent nit removal, environmental decontamination, and coordinated treatment of contacts—lice infestations can be eliminated efficiently and sustainably.