How should a tick bite site appear?

How should a tick bite site appear? - briefly

The bite typically appears as a small, red or pink papule with a central punctum marking the attachment point. A concentric, target‑shaped erythema may develop around the lesion within a few days, suggesting possible infection.

How should a tick bite site appear? - in detail

A tick bite typically presents as a small, circular, erythematous area surrounding a central puncture point where the mouthparts remain embedded. The surrounding halo may be faint or pronounced, often measuring 2‑5 mm in diameter. The central punctum can be visible as a tiny dark spot or may be covered by the engorged tick, which may still be attached.

Characteristics evolve over time:

  • Immediate stage (0‑24 hours): mild redness, possible slight swelling, absence of discharge.
  • Early stage (1‑3 days): increased erythema, development of a palpable raised rim, occasional itching or tenderness.
  • Late stage (4‑7 days): expansion of the erythematous zone, possible formation of a target‑shaped lesion, emergence of a vesicular or papular component.
  • Subsequent weeks: resolution of redness, potential residual hyperpigmentation, or, in cases of infection, ulceration, necrosis, or expanding rash.

Additional signs indicating complications:

  • Presence of a “bull’s‑eye” rash, characterized by concentric rings of erythema, suggests early dissemination of Borrelia infection.
  • Persistent warmth, purulent exudate, or increasing pain may indicate bacterial superinfection.
  • Enlargement beyond 5 cm, necrotic center, or rapid spreading warrants immediate medical evaluation.

Correct identification of the bite site includes noting:

  • Size of the erythematous area.
  • Color intensity (pink, red, violaceous).
  • Texture (smooth, raised, indurated).
  • Associated symptoms (pruritus, pain, systemic signs such as fever).

Removal of the attached tick, followed by monitoring of the lesion for the described changes, forms the basis of appropriate management.