How long do bedbugs live and where do they come from? - briefly
Bed bugs usually endure six to twelve months without a blood meal, extending to about two years when temperature and humidity are favorable. They originated in tropical areas and have become global pests via human travel and the transport of infested furniture or luggage.
How long do bedbugs live and where do they come from? - in detail
Bedbugs (Cimex lectularius) typically live between five and twelve months under normal indoor conditions. Adult females can survive longer when they have regular blood meals, occasionally reaching up to eighteen months. Development from egg to adult requires about five weeks at room temperature (20‑25 °C); cooler environments extend this period, while heat above 35 °C shortens it but may increase mortality. Adults can endure several months without feeding, especially in colder climates, but starvation reduces reproductive output and overall longevity.
The species originated in the tropical regions of Africa and spread worldwide through human migration and trade. Early records link bedbugs to ancient Egyptian tombs, indicating a long association with humans. Modern dispersal occurs via:
- luggage, clothing, or personal items transported across borders
- second‑hand furniture and mattresses exchanged in households or charitable outlets
- public transportation seats and hotel bedding where infestations are not promptly detected
These vectors enable the insect to colonize new dwellings, often unnoticed until populations reach visible levels. Control measures focus on early detection, thorough cleaning of infested items, and professional heat or chemical treatment to eradicate all life stages.