How is doxycycline prescribed for a tick bite? - briefly
The standard protocol is 100 mg doxycycline taken orally twice daily, started as soon as possible after the bite and continued for 10–14 days (up to 21 days in high‑risk situations). For pregnant patients, those with doxycycline allergy, or children under eight, an alternative such as azithromycin is used.
How is doxycycline prescribed for a tick bite? - in detail
Doxycycline is the first‑line antimicrobial for preventing Lyme disease after a recognized tick attachment. The regimen begins as soon as possible, ideally within 72 hours of removal, because early initiation reduces the risk of infection.
The standard adult dose is 100 mg taken orally once daily for 10–21 days. In most cases 10 days suffices; a 21‑day course is reserved for patients with delayed presentation or high‑risk exposure (e.g., prolonged attachment in endemic areas). The medication may be taken with a full glass of water; food can be consumed, but antacids, calcium‑ or iron‑containing supplements should be avoided within two hours of the dose to preserve absorption.
For children weighing at least 30 kg, the same adult dosage applies. For younger children, doxycycline is permitted at 2.2 mg/kg twice daily for 10 days, provided the benefit outweighs the risk of tooth discoloration. Pregnant or lactating women should not receive doxycycline; alternative agents such as amoxicillin are recommended.
Renal or hepatic impairment does not require dose adjustment for short‑term therapy, but severe liver disease may warrant monitoring of liver enzymes. Patients with known hypersensitivity to tetracyclines must be excluded.
Common adverse effects include gastrointestinal upset, photosensitivity, and esophageal irritation. To minimize esophageal injury, the tablet should be swallowed with ample fluid and the patient should remain upright for at least 30 minutes. If severe nausea or vomiting occurs, switching to a different antibiotic is advised.
Adherence is critical; missed doses should be taken as soon as remembered unless the next scheduled dose is within 4 hours, in which case the missed dose is omitted. Completion of the full course, even if symptoms resolve early, is essential to ensure prophylaxis.
Follow‑up includes a brief assessment at the end of therapy to confirm tolerance and absence of Lyme‑related manifestations. If erythema migrans or other signs develop after completion, a full treatment course for confirmed infection is indicated.