How does a subcutaneous tick appear in cats and how should it be treated? - briefly
Subcutaneous ticks embed beneath the skin, producing a localized nodule or swelling that may be mistaken for a tumor. Prompt veterinary removal—typically by incision and careful extraction—plus post‑procedure antiseptic care prevents infection and secondary complications.
How does a subcutaneous tick appear in cats and how should it be treated? - in detail
Subcutaneous ticks embed beneath the dermis of a cat, often after the animal brushes against vegetation where ticks are questing. The parasite inserts its mouthparts into the subdermal tissue, secreting anticoagulants and anti‑inflammatory substances that reduce the host’s immediate reaction. Over time, a small, firm nodule forms around the tick, sometimes accompanied by mild swelling or a faintly raised area. The nodule may remain unchanged for days to weeks, during which the tick continues to feed and can transmit pathogens such as Bartonella or Rickettsia species.
Clinical signs include:
- Localized, palpable lump without overt skin disruption
- Slight erythema or warmth over the nodule
- Occasional pruritus or discomfort when the area is touched
- Systemic signs (fever, lethargy) if infection spreads
Diagnosis relies on visual inspection of the nodule, often aided by gentle palpation to feel the tick’s body. In ambiguous cases, fine‑needle aspiration or ultrasound can confirm the presence of a foreign object beneath the skin.
Treatment protocol:
- Restrain the cat securely, using a towel or a cat‑specific restraint device to minimize movement.
- Disinfect the area with a chlorhexidine solution or 70 % isopropyl alcohol.
- Apply a fine‑pointed, sterile tweezers or a small, curved forceps directly over the protruding part of the tick.
- Grasp firmly and pull upward with steady, even pressure, avoiding twisting that could leave mouthparts embedded.
- Inspect the extracted tick to ensure the entire organism, including the capitulum, has been removed.
- Clean the wound again, then apply a topical antiseptic ointment.
- Monitor the site for 24–48 hours; if swelling persists, drainage appears, or the cat shows systemic illness, seek veterinary intervention for possible antibiotics or anti‑inflammatory medication.
Preventive measures include regular grooming, use of veterinarian‑approved ectoparasite collars or spot‑on treatments, and limiting outdoor exposure during peak tick activity seasons. Routine tick checks after outdoor excursions can detect early attachment before subdermal migration occurs.