How can you eliminate lice? - briefly
Use an approved pediculicide (e.g., permethrin 1% or dimethicone) applied to the scalp and hair, then comb out nits with a fine-toothed lice comb; simultaneously launder bedding, clothing, and personal items in hot water or seal them for two weeks to prevent re‑infestation.
How can you eliminate lice? - in detail
Effective eradication of head lice requires a systematic approach that combines direct treatment, thorough cleaning of personal items, and preventive measures.
First, confirm the infestation by examining the scalp and hair for live insects or viable nits within ¼ inch of the hair shaft. Use a fine-toothed comb on damp hair to improve visibility.
Second, apply a proven pediculicide. Options include:
- Permethrin 1 % lotion: apply to dry hair, leave for 10 minutes, then rinse.
- Pyrethrin‑based shampoo: follow manufacturer’s timing, repeat after 7 days.
- Spinosad 0.9 % lotion: apply to wet hair, leave for 10 minutes, rinse, repeat in one week.
If chemical resistance is suspected, consider alternative agents such as ivermectin lotion (0.5 %) or benzyl alcohol lotion (5 %). Follow label instructions precisely; overuse can cause skin irritation.
Third, mechanically remove remaining nits. After chemical treatment, use a metal nit comb with 0.2 mm teeth. Section hair, comb from scalp outward, and wipe the comb after each pass. Repeat the combing process daily for at least one week.
Fourth, decontaminate personal and environmental items:
- Wash clothing, bedding, and towels used within the previous 48 hours in hot water (≥ 130 °F) and dry on high heat for at least 20 minutes.
- Seal non‑washable items (e.g., hats, hair accessories) in a sealed plastic bag for two weeks.
- Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and car seats; discard vacuum bags immediately.
- Avoid fumigation or insecticide sprays on the environment; they are ineffective against lice.
Fifth, implement preventive steps to reduce reinfestation:
- Encourage regular head checks, especially after school or camp.
- Advise against sharing combs, hats, pillows, or hair accessories.
- Recommend keeping hair tied back during group activities.
- Consider routine use of a weekly nit‑comb session during peak seasons.
Finally, monitor the situation. If live lice persist after two treatment cycles, consult a healthcare professional for prescription‑strength options or alternative regimens. Continuous documentation of treatment dates and outcomes aids in assessing effectiveness and preventing recurrence.