How can you determine if a person has lice? - briefly
Examination of the scalp and hair for live lice or nits attached within ¼ inch of the hair shaft confirms infestation. Using a fine‑tooth comb on damp hair after applying a lice‑removing solution improves detection.
How can you determine if a person has lice? - in detail
Detecting a lice infestation requires systematic visual inspection and, when necessary, tactile confirmation. The scalp and hair must be examined under adequate lighting, preferably with a magnifying device. A fine-tooth comb, often called a lice comb, should be used on dry or slightly damp hair, moving from the scalp outward in small sections. Each pass should be inspected for live insects, translucent eggs (nits), or empty egg shells.
Key indicators include:
- Live insects: brown‑gray, crab‑shaped bodies about 2–3 mm long, moving quickly when disturbed.
- Nits: oval, yellow‑white structures firmly attached to the hair shaft within ¼ inch of the scalp; a firm pull will not detach them.
- Brown or black specks: excrement or dead insects, often found near the hairline or on clothing.
If live lice are observed, the infestation is active. The presence of nits without live insects may indicate a past infestation; however, because nits can hatch within 7–10 days, treatment is recommended to prevent recurrence.
Additional diagnostic steps:
- Separate the individual’s hair into four quadrants; comb each quadrant methodically.
- After combing, place the comb teeth on a white surface and examine under a magnifier for hidden specimens.
- Repeat the process after 24 hours; a second examination confirms whether any missed lice have emerged.
In ambiguous cases, a professional healthcare provider can perform a dermatoscopic examination, offering enhanced visualization of the scalp and confirming the diagnosis with higher accuracy. Regular checks, especially after exposure to communal settings, ensure early detection and effective management.