How can the bites from bedbugs be treated? - briefly
Clean the affected area with mild soap and water, then apply a topical antihistamine or corticosteroid cream to reduce itching and inflammation; oral antihistamines may help with extensive reactions. Seek medical evaluation for antibiotics if the bites become infected.
How can the bites from bedbugs be treated? - in detail
Treating the skin reactions caused by Cimex lectularius requires a multi‑step approach that addresses inflammation, itching, and the risk of secondary infection.
First, cleanse the affected area with mild soap and lukewarm water. This removes irritants and reduces bacterial colonisation. Pat the skin dry; do not rub, as friction can worsen irritation.
Second, apply a topical anti‑inflammatory agent. Options include:
- 1% hydrocortisone cream, applied two to three times daily for up to one week.
- Calamine lotion or zinc oxide ointment for soothing dry, itchy lesions.
- Over‑the‑counter antihistamine creams containing diphenhydramine for immediate itch relief.
Third, oral antihistamines may be necessary when itching is widespread or interferes with sleep. Non‑sedating agents such as cetirizine 10 mg once daily, or sedating options like diphenhydramine 25–50 mg at night, can be used according to patient tolerance.
Fourth, monitor for signs of infection—redness expanding beyond the bite, warmth, pus, or fever. If any of these appear, initiate systemic antibiotics (e.g., cephalexin 500 mg three times daily) and seek medical evaluation promptly.
Fifth, avoid scratching to prevent skin breakdown. Use protective gloves at night if compulsive scratching occurs, and keep fingernails trimmed.
Adjunctive measures include:
- Cool compresses for 10–15 minutes, repeated several times daily, to reduce swelling.
- Oatmeal baths (colloidal oatmeal 1–2 cups in warm water) for generalized itching.
- Moisturising lotions with ceramides to restore barrier function after inflammation subsides.
If symptoms persist beyond two weeks despite self‑care, or if allergic reactions such as hives or angioedema develop, professional dermatological assessment is required. Prescription‑strength corticosteroids or immunomodulators may be indicated.
Finally, treat the underlying infestation to prevent recurrent bites. Professional pest control, thorough laundering of bedding at ≥60 °C, and encasement of mattresses halt further exposure and support long‑term symptom resolution.