How can one get rid of lice and fleas? - briefly
Apply a lice‑specific pediculicide (shampoo, lotion, or fine‑tooth comb) and a flea‑targeted insecticide (spray, powder, or spot‑on product), then wash all bedding, clothing, and vacuum the living area thoroughly.
How can one get rid of lice and fleas? - in detail
Eliminating head‑lice infestations and flea problems requires a systematic approach that combines chemical treatment, thorough cleaning, and preventive measures.
First, treat the affected individuals. For head‑lice, apply an FDA‑approved pediculicide such as permethrin 1 % or dimethicone lotion according to the product instructions. Leave the preparation on the scalp for the specified time, then rinse thoroughly. Use a fine‑toothed nit comb on wet hair to remove live insects and nits; repeat combing every 2–3 days for two weeks to catch newly hatched lice. For fleas on pets, administer a veterinarian‑recommended topical or oral adulticide (e.g., fipronil, imidacloprid, or nitenpyram). Treat all animals in the household simultaneously to avoid re‑infestation.
Second, decontaminate the environment. Wash all bedding, clothing, and towels used by the infested persons or animals in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and dry on high heat for at least 30 minutes. Vacuum carpets, upholstery, and pet bedding repeatedly; discard the vacuum bag or clean the canister after each session. Apply a residual insecticide spray or fogger labeled for indoor flea control, following label directions for concentration and ventilation. For head‑lice, steam‑cleaning chairs, sofas, and car seats can kill any stray nits.
Third, establish long‑term prevention. Use a monthly flea collar or preventive medication on pets, and keep their living areas clean. For human cases, discourage sharing of combs, hats, and bedding; conduct regular head checks in schools or group settings. Maintain a schedule of cleaning and vacuuming to reduce the likelihood of re‑emergence.
If symptoms persist after two treatment cycles, consult a healthcare professional for prescription‑strength options (e.g., malathion lotion for lice) or a veterinarian for alternative flea products. Continuous monitoring and prompt action at the first sign of recurrence are essential to achieve lasting eradication.