How can lice be removed from a person? - briefly
Apply a medicated shampoo or conditioner, then comb the hair with a fine-toothed lice comb while the strands are wet, removing any nits; repeat the process after 7‑10 days. Wash all clothing, bedding, and personal items in hot water or seal them in plastic bags for two weeks to prevent re‑infestation.
How can lice be removed from a person? - in detail
Removing lice from an individual requires a systematic approach that combines direct treatment, thorough combing, and environmental decontamination.
The first step is to identify the infestation. Adult lice are 2–4 mm long, brownish, and cling to hair shafts close to the scalp. Nits (eggs) appear as tiny, oval, white or yellowish structures attached to the hair shaft within 1 cm of the scalp.
Direct treatment options
- Over‑the‑counter pediculicides – shampoos or lotions containing 1 % permethrin or 0.5 % pyrethrin. Apply according to the label, leave for the specified time (usually 10 minutes), then rinse. Repeat after 7–10 days to target newly hatched lice.
- Prescription products – 0.5 % malathion, 0.05 % spinosad, or oral ivermectin for resistant cases. Use under medical supervision; follow dosage and repeat‑treatment guidelines.
- Physical methods – hot oil treatment (apply warmed olive oil, cover with a shower cap for 30 minutes, then comb) or steam therapy. Heat kills lice and nits but requires careful temperature control to avoid burns.
Mechanical removal
- Use a fine‑toothed nit comb on wet, conditioned hair. Start at the scalp and work outward, wiping the comb after each pass. Perform combing sessions every 2–3 days for two weeks.
- For severe infestations, manually extract lice and nits with tweezers, ensuring the hair shaft is held firmly to avoid breaking the egg.
Environmental control
- Wash bedding, clothing, and towels used within the previous 48 hours in water ≥ 60 °C, then tumble‑dry on high heat. Items that cannot be laundered should be sealed in a plastic bag for two weeks.
- Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and car seats to remove stray lice and nits. Discard vacuum bags immediately after use.
- Avoid sharing combs, hats, or headphones until the infestation is cleared.
Follow‑up
- Re‑examine the scalp 7 days after initial treatment. Any remaining nits should be removed with a comb; a second application of the chosen pediculicide may be necessary.
- Monitor for secondary skin irritation or allergic reactions. If symptoms persist, consult a healthcare professional for alternative therapy.
By adhering to this protocol—chemical or physical treatment, diligent combing, and strict decontamination—lice infestations can be eliminated efficiently and safely.