How can lice be eradicated in a house? - briefly
Treat all infested persons with a proven lice-killing shampoo or lotion, then wash bedding, clothing, and washable items in hot water (≥130 °F) and dry on high heat; vacuum carpets, upholstery, and any non‑washable surfaces, sealing the vacuum bag afterward. Seal non‑washable items in airtight bags for two weeks to starve any remaining parasites.
How can lice be eradicated in a house? - in detail
Eliminating head‑lice infestations from a dwelling requires a coordinated approach that addresses both the insects on the host and the surrounding environment.
First, confirm the presence of live insects and viable eggs (nits) by examining the scalp and hair shafts. Use a fine‑toothed comb on wet, conditioned hair to separate lice and pull out nits. Remove each detected specimen and discard it in a sealed container.
Second, treat all affected individuals with an approved pediculicide. Options include:
- 1% permethrin lotion, applied to dry hair for 10 minutes, then rinsed.
- 0.5% malathion solution, left on hair for 8–12 hours before washing.
- Dimethicone‑based silicone oil, which suffocates the parasite without resistance concerns.
Follow the product’s instructions precisely, repeat the application after 7–10 days to target newly hatched lice, and avoid re‑infestation by not sharing combs, hats, or pillows.
Third, sanitize personal items and the home environment:
- Wash all clothing, bedding, and towels worn or used within the previous 48 hours in water ≥ 60 °C, then tumble‑dry on high heat for at least 30 minutes.
- Seal non‑washable items (e.g., stuffed toys) in airtight plastic bags for a minimum of two weeks, as lice cannot survive without a host beyond 48 hours.
- Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and vehicle seats thoroughly; discard vacuum bags immediately.
- Clean hairbrushes, combs, and hair accessories by soaking them in hot, soapy water for 10 minutes, then rinsing and drying.
Fourth, consider adjunct non‑chemical measures. Apply a fine‑toothed nit comb daily for one week after treatment to remove residual eggs. Use essential‑oil blends (e.g., tea‑tree, lavender) only as supplementary irritants, not as primary therapy, because efficacy is inconsistent.
Finally, implement preventive practices to reduce recurrence:
- Instruct all household members to avoid head‑to‑head contact and sharing of personal grooming tools.
- Maintain regular hair‑checking routines, especially in school‑age children.
- Keep hair tied back or covered during activities where close contact is likely.
By executing these steps—accurate detection, proper chemical treatment, rigorous environmental decontamination, and ongoing prevention—the infestation can be eradicated from the residence.