How can I get rid of lice if they appear? - briefly
Treat the infestation with a pediculicide shampoo, then comb the hair with a fine-tooth lice comb while it is still wet; wash all bedding, clothing, and personal items in hot water and repeat the treatment after 7–10 days to remove any newly hatched nits.
How can I get rid of lice if they appear? - in detail
If an infestation is detected, immediate action prevents spread and reduces discomfort. Begin with a thorough examination of the scalp and hair, using a fine-toothed comb under bright light to locate live insects and eggs (nits). Follow these steps:
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Chemical treatment – Apply an over‑the‑counter pediculicide that contains permethrin (1 %) or pyrethrin. Follow the label precisely: wet the hair, apply the product, leave it for the recommended time, then rinse completely. Repeat the application after 7–10 days to eradicate any newly hatched lice that survived the first dose.
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Mechanical removal – While the chemical agent works, comb the damp hair with a nit comb at two‑minute intervals. Start at the scalp, pulling the comb through each section to the ends. Discard each combed segment into a sealed bag to avoid re‑infestation.
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Alternative remedies – For those preferring non‑chemical options, use a 20 % dimethicone lotion or a silicone‑based spray. These substances coat the insects, causing suffocation. Apply as directed, leave on for at least 10 minutes, then rinse. Follow with a second treatment after one week.
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Environmental control – Wash all clothing, bedding, and towels used within the previous 48 hours in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and dry on high heat. Items that cannot be laundered should be sealed in a plastic bag for two weeks or placed in a freezer at –18 °C for 24 hours. Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and car seats; discard the vacuum bag afterward.
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Preventive measures – Advise all household members to avoid sharing combs, brushes, hats, or hair accessories. Encourage regular head checks, especially after contact with schools or group activities.
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Medical follow‑up – If symptoms persist after two treatment cycles, consult a healthcare professional. Prescription‑strength options such as malathion (0.5 %) or ivermectin lotion may be necessary, and a physician can rule out secondary skin infections.
Consistent adherence to the treatment schedule, thorough removal of nits, and proper hygiene of personal items eliminate the problem and minimize the chance of recurrence.