How can I eliminate lice and nits at home? - briefly
Use a medicated shampoo with 1 % permethrin or 0.5 % malathion, then comb out nits with a fine‑toothed nit comb after each wash. Wash bedding, clothing, and personal items in water ≥130 °F and dry on high heat to prevent re‑infestation.
How can I eliminate lice and nits at home? - in detail
Effective removal of head‑lice infestations requires a systematic approach that combines chemical, mechanical, and environmental measures.
First, select an appropriate treatment. Over‑the‑counter pediculicides containing 1 % permethrin or 0.5 % pyrethrin are widely recommended. Apply the product according to the manufacturer’s instructions, ensuring thorough coverage of the scalp and hair shafts. Allow the prescribed contact time before rinsing. For cases of resistance or intolerance, a prescription‑only lotion containing 0.5 % malathion or 0.05 % ivermectin may be used under medical supervision.
Second, eliminate viable eggs through meticulous combing. Use a fine‑toothed nit comb, preferably stainless steel, and follow these steps:
- Wash hair with regular shampoo; do not use conditioner before combing.
- While hair remains damp, section into manageable portions.
- Starting at the scalp, draw the comb through each section slowly, from root to tip.
- Wipe the comb blade with a disposable tissue after each pass.
- Repeat the process for the entire head at least twice, spaced 7–10 days apart to target newly hatched lice.
Third, cleanse personal items and the environment. Wash clothing, bedding, and towels used within the previous 48 hours in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and dry on high heat. Items that cannot be laundered should be sealed in a plastic bag for two weeks or exposed to direct sunlight for several hours. Vacuum carpets, upholstery, and car seats to remove stray hairs containing eggs.
Fourth, monitor for reinfestation. Conduct weekly inspections of the scalp for at least four weeks, using a bright light and a magnifying glass if needed. Promptly repeat the combing protocol if any live insects or viable nits are observed.
Finally, educate all household members about preventive practices: avoid sharing combs, hats, or pillowcases; discourage head‑to‑head contact during play; and treat any identified cases promptly to limit spread.
By integrating chemical treatment, diligent nit removal, thorough laundering, and ongoing surveillance, complete eradication can be achieved without professional intervention.