How can hair be cleaned of lice and nits? - briefly
Apply an approved lice treatment to the scalp, then comb the wet hair with a fine‑toothed nit comb, removing every egg and insect; repeat the combing after 7–10 days to eliminate any newly hatched lice.
How can hair be cleaned of lice and nits? - in detail
Removing head‑lice and their eggs from hair requires a systematic approach that combines detection, mechanical removal, and, when necessary, chemical treatment.
First, confirm infestation by examining the scalp under bright light. Look for live insects, which are about 2–4 mm long, and for attached eggs (nits) that appear as tiny, oval, yellow‑brown specks firmly attached close to the scalp.
Second, prepare the hair for treatment. Wet the hair with a fine‑tooth nit comb conditioner or a detangling spray to reduce breakage and improve comb glide.
Third, choose a removal method:
- Manual combing – Use a metal nit comb with 0.2 mm teeth. Starting at the scalp, pull the comb through small sections, moving outward. After each pass, wipe the comb on a white towel to inspect captured lice or nits. Repeat every 2–3 days for at least ten days to catch newly hatched insects.
- Over‑the‑counter pediculicides – Apply a product containing 1 % permethrin or 0.5 % pyrethrin according to the label. Leave the solution on the hair for the recommended time (usually 10 minutes), then rinse thoroughly. Follow with a second application 7–10 days later to eliminate any survivors.
- Prescription treatments – For resistant cases, a healthcare professional may prescribe malathion 0.5 % lotion, ivermectin oral tablets, or benzyl alcohol 5 % shampoo. Follow dosing instructions precisely; some agents require a repeat dose after 7 days.
- Non‑chemical options – Apply heated oil (e.g., coconut or olive oil) at 45 °C for 10 minutes, then comb vigorously. The heat can kill lice, while the oil eases combing. Repeat daily for a week.
Fourth, clean the environment to prevent re‑infestation. Wash clothing, bedding, and towels used within the previous 48 hours in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and dry on high heat. Seal non‑washable items in airtight bags for two weeks. Vacuum carpets, upholstery, and car seats; discard the vacuum bag or clean the canister afterward.
Finally, monitor the scalp for two weeks. If live insects reappear after the full treatment cycle, repeat the chosen method or seek medical advice for alternative therapy.