How can fleas on a human’s head be eliminated? - briefly
Apply a medicated shampoo containing pyrethrin or permethrin, then comb the hair with a fine‑toothed flea comb to remove any remaining insects. Follow with thorough washing of bedding and personal items at high temperature to prevent reinfestation.
How can fleas on a human’s head be eliminated? - in detail
Fleas that have infested a person’s scalp require immediate mechanical removal, topical treatment, and environmental decontamination.
Manual extraction eliminates visible insects and eggs. Use a fine‑toothed comb on wet, conditioned hair; comb from the scalp outward, rinsing the comb after each pass. Collect debris in a disposable container and discard safely.
Topical agents eradicate remaining parasites. Apply a pediculicide formulated for fleas, following label instructions precisely. Options include permethrin 1 % lotion or ivermectin cream; both act on the nervous system of the insect, causing paralysis and death. Apply to the entire scalp, leave for the recommended duration, then rinse thoroughly.
Systemic medication may be necessary for severe infestations. Oral ivermectin, dosed at 200 µg/kg, provides rapid clearance when administered under medical supervision.
Personal hygiene prevents reinfestation. Wash hair with an anti‑lice shampoo, then rinse with hot water (≥ 60 °C). Launder clothing, bedding, and towels in hot water and dry on high heat for at least 30 minutes. Vacuum carpets and upholstered furniture, discarding vacuum bags immediately.
Environmental control limits re‑exposure. Treat pets with a veterinarian‑approved flea collar or topical product, as animals often serve as reservoirs. Apply a residual insecticide spray to the living area, focusing on cracks, baseboards, and furniture crevices.
Follow‑up inspection should occur 7–10 days after initial treatment. Repeat combing and topical application if live fleas are detected. Documentation of each step ensures complete eradication and reduces the risk of recurrence.