How can a person be treated for fleas? - briefly
Immediate relief involves washing the affected areas with hot water and medicated soap, then applying a topical insecticide such as permethrin cream according to the product instructions. A physician should be consulted to confirm diagnosis and consider oral antihistamines or prescription antiparasitic medication if the infestation persists.
How can a person be treated for fleas? - in detail
Flea infestations on humans require prompt removal of the insects and relief of skin irritation. The first step is to eliminate the source. Wash all clothing, bedding, and towels in hot water (minimum 60 °C) and dry on high heat for at least 30 minutes. Vacuum carpets, rugs, and upholstered furniture thoroughly, then discard the vacuum bag or clean the canister. Treat pets with veterinarian‑approved flea control products to prevent re‑infestation.
For the affected person, cleanse the skin with mild soap and lukewarm water. Pat dry and apply a soothing topical agent to reduce itching and inflammation. Recommended options include:
- 1 % hydrocortisone cream, applied 2–3 times daily for up to 7 days.
- Calamine lotion, applied liberally after each wash.
- Antihistamine cream containing diphenhydramine, applied as needed for severe pruritus.
If bites cause significant swelling or secondary infection, oral antihistamines (e.g., cetirizine 10 mg) may be taken according to package instructions, and a short course of a topical antibiotic (mupirocin 2 %) can be applied to any broken skin. Systemic antibiotics are only necessary when bacterial cellulitis is confirmed.
Persistent or widespread symptoms warrant medical evaluation. A physician may prescribe a short regimen of oral corticosteroids for intense inflammatory reactions or prescribe a stronger topical steroid (e.g., betamethasone 0.05 %). In rare cases of allergic reaction, epinephrine auto‑injectors may be required.
Environmental control measures should continue for at least two weeks after the last visible flea, as eggs can hatch during this period. Use an EPA‑registered household insecticide spray or fogger, following label directions, and repeat treatment after 7 days to interrupt the life cycle. Regular grooming and monthly flea preventative treatments for pets sustain long‑term protection.