How can a louse be cured? - briefly
Apply an FDA‑approved pediculicide shampoo or lotion as directed, then comb out all lice and nits with a fine‑toothed nit comb. Repeat the treatment 7–10 days later to eliminate any newly hatched nymphs.
How can a louse be cured? - in detail
Effective eradication of head lice requires a systematic approach that combines chemical treatment, mechanical removal, and environmental control.
First, confirm the presence of live insects or viable nits within five millimeters of the scalp. Visual inspection with a fine-tooth comb on damp hair facilitates accurate identification.
Second, apply an approved pediculicide. Over‑the‑counter products contain either permethrin (1 %) or pyrethrin with piperonyl butoxide. Follow the label instructions precisely: apply to dry hair, leave for the recommended duration, then rinse thoroughly. For resistant populations, a prescription‑only formulation such as malathion (0.5 %) or spinosad (0.9 %) may be required; these agents are applied similarly but often demand a longer contact time.
Third, perform a meticulous combing session 24–48 hours after the initial application. Use a fine‑toothed nit comb, moving from scalp to tip in small sections. Remove each detected nymph or egg and discard it in a sealed container. Repeat the combing process daily for at least seven days to capture newly hatched lice.
Fourth, repeat the chemical treatment after one week to eliminate any survivors that may have missed the first dose.
Fifth, address potential sources of re‑infestation:
- Wash clothing, bedding, and towels used within the previous 48 hours in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and dry on high heat.
- Seal non‑washable items in a sealed plastic bag for two weeks.
- Vacuum carpets, upholstery, and vehicle seats to remove detached insects.
- Instruct close contacts to undergo simultaneous treatment or prophylactic combing.
Sixth, monitor the situation for two weeks post‑treatment. Absence of live lice or viable nits confirms successful resolution. Persistent detection warrants a consultation with a healthcare professional for alternative regimens or combination therapy.