Fleas on a cat: what to do? - briefly
Apply a veterinarian‑approved flea treatment to the cat and simultaneously wash bedding, vacuum carpets, and use an environmental insecticide to eliminate remaining insects. Repeat the process according to the product’s schedule to prevent reinfestation.
Fleas on a cat: what to do? - in detail
Cat fleas are small, wingless insects that feed on feline blood and multiply rapidly. An infestation appears as tiny, dark specks on the skin, excessive scratching, or visible insects moving through the fur. Early detection prevents skin irritation, anemia, and transmission of tapeworms.
Identification
- Adult fleas: 1–3 mm, reddish-brown, jump when disturbed.
- Flea dirt: black specks resembling pepper; a drop of water turns it reddish, confirming blood content.
- Bite lesions: small, red, often clustered on the neck, back, and tail base.
Immediate treatment
- Apply a veterinarian‑approved topical product to the base of the neck; follow dosage instructions based on weight.
- Administer an oral medication if preferred; ensure it is specifically formulated for cats, as canine products can be toxic.
- Use a flea comb to remove adult insects and eggs; comb daily for at least two weeks.
- Bathe the cat with a flea‑specific shampoo only if the animal tolerates it; avoid excessive bathing, which can strip skin oils.
Environmental control
- Vacuum carpets, upholstery, and pet bedding thoroughly; discard vacuum bags or clean canisters after each use.
- Wash all removable fabrics in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and dry on high heat.
- Apply a household flea spray or fogger containing an insect growth regulator (IGR) to cracks, baseboards, and under furniture; follow label safety precautions.
- Treat the yard with a pet‑safe outdoor flea control product if the cat has access to the garden.
Prevention
- Maintain a regular schedule of monthly topical or oral preventatives; keep records of application dates.
- Limit outdoor exposure during peak flea season (spring and summer) or use a flea‑blocking collar approved for cats.
- Inspect new animals before introducing them to the household; treat any newcomers immediately.
Follow‑up
- Re‑examine the cat after 7 days; repeat treatment if fleas persist, as recommended by the product label.
- Continue environmental measures for at least 30 days to break the flea life cycle, which typically spans two weeks.
- Schedule a veterinary check‑up if skin lesions worsen, anemia signs appear (pale gums, lethargy), or gastrointestinal symptoms develop, indicating possible tapeworm infection.