A cat has a heavy flea infestation; what should be done? - briefly
Start with a veterinarian‑approved flea treatment and a fine‑tooth comb to eliminate visible parasites, then decontaminate the environment by washing all bedding, vacuuming carpets, and applying a licensed household insecticide. Maintain monthly preventive medication and regular cleaning to keep the infestation from returning.
A cat has a heavy flea infestation; what should be done? - in detail
A cat experiencing a severe flea outbreak requires prompt, systematic intervention. The first step is to isolate the animal to prevent further spread to other pets and household members.
- Perform a thorough physical examination; count visible fleas and assess skin condition for irritation or secondary infection.
- Administer an appropriate fast‑acting adulticide, such as a topical solution (e.g., fipronil, imidacloprid) or an oral product (e.g., nitenpyram, spinosad). Apply according to the manufacturer’s dosage chart based on weight.
- Treat any secondary bacterial or fungal infections with prescribed antibiotics or antifungals, following veterinary guidance.
Environmental control is essential because adult fleas lay eggs that develop into larvae and pupae in the surroundings. Execute the following measures:
- Wash all bedding, blankets, and removable fabrics in hot water (minimum 60 °C) and dry on high heat.
- Vacuum carpets, rugs, upholstered furniture, and cracks in flooring daily for at least two weeks; discard the vacuum bag or clean the canister immediately.
- Apply an environmental insecticide (e.g., a spray containing permethrin for non‑feline areas, or a diatomaceous earth treatment on carpets) according to label instructions.
- Use a flea‑comb to collect and destroy any remaining insects from the cat’s coat after each treatment session.
Long‑term prevention relies on continuous protection. Options include:
- Monthly topical spot‑on products that kill emerging fleas before they mature.
- Oral preventatives administered every month, offering both adulticidal and larvicidal activity.
- Veterinary‑approved flea collars that release active ingredients over several months.
Schedule a follow‑up veterinary visit within 7–10 days to verify eradication and adjust the regimen if necessary. Maintain a regular preventive schedule to avoid recurrence.