List of articles № 143
How often are encephalitis ticks encountered
Ticks capable of transmitting encephalitic viruses belong to several genera and are distributed across distinct geographic zones. Knowledge of the specific vectors assists in assessing exposure risk and guiding preventive measures. Ixodes ricinus – primary carrier of Tick‑borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) in Central and Western Europe;. Date latest changes:
How can you check for lice yourself?
Head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) are tiny, wingless insects that live on the scalp and feed on human blood. Adults measure 2–3 mm, are tan to gray, and have six legs adapted for gripping hair shafts. Nymphs hatch from eggs (nits) and mature in about one week, completing a life cycle of roughly three weeks.. Date latest changes:
How long can a tick survive without food?
Ticks belong to the family Ixodidae (hard ticks) and Argasidae (soft ticks), encompassing over 900 described species. Each species exhibits distinct physiological adaptations that influence its capacity to endure prolonged periods without a blood meal.. Date latest changes:
What color are lice: appearance details?
Head lice, Pediculus humanus capitis, are obligate ectoparasites of humans that inhabit the scalp and hair shafts. Their appearance is characterized by a small, dorsoventrally flattened body measuring 2–4 mm in length. Color varies with physiological state and developmental stage.. Date latest changes:
Which species of bedbugs are dangerous to humans?
Obligate hematophagy characterizes all members of the family Cimicidae; individuals cannot complete their life cycle without a blood meal. This physiological requirement forces frequent contact with vertebrate hosts and determines the potential for human exposure.. Date latest changes:
How can one avoid getting lice when in contact with an infected person?
Lice are obligate ectoparasites that rely on direct contact with human hair or clothing to move between hosts. Their primary mode of transmission is head‑to‑head contact, which transfers adult insects and nymphs embedded in the hair shaft. Secondary routes include sharing personal items such as combs, hats, headphones, scarves, or helmets;. Date latest changes:
Where do bedbugs hide in an apartment during the day?
Bed bugs follow a distinct daily activity cycle that shapes their choice of daytime refuges. Their internal clock drives a period of reduced movement during daylight hours, during which they seek locations that provide darkness, stable temperature, and limited disturbance.. Date latest changes:
What can be used to treat a kennel to eliminate fleas?
Fleas must be detected before any eradication method can be applied in a kennel environment. Accurate identification prevents unnecessary chemical use and ensures that treatment targets the active infestation. Excessive scratching or biting by dogs and cats Visible adult fleas moving on the animal’s coat or in the surrounding area Small, dark specks (flea feces) on fur, bedding, or flooring, which turn reddish when moistened Red, raised skin lesions or localized hair. Date latest changes:
Which anti-tick collar is best to choose for a dog?
Tick collars are wearable devices designed to repel or kill ticks that attach to a dog’s coat. They consist of a fabric band impregnated with active chemicals that disperse through the skin’s surface and the surrounding environment. The most common active ingredients include:. Date latest changes:
How can fleas be removed from an apartment at home?
Fleas on a pet reveal themselves through several observable symptoms. Recognizing these indicators early prevents a larger infestation in the living space. Frequent scratching or biting at the skin, especially around the neck, tail base, and hindquarters.. Date latest changes:
How to get rid of fleas on a puppy at home?
Fleas are tiny, wingless insects that survive by feeding on the blood of mammals and birds. Adult fleas measure 1‑3 mm, have laterally compressed bodies, and possess powerful hind legs that enable rapid jumping. Their mouthparts are adapted for piercing skin and extracting blood, which causes irritation and can lead to allergic reactions in puppies.. Date latest changes:
What symptoms appear in a child after a tick bite?
Redness and swelling are common local responses after a child is bitten by a tick. The skin around the attachment site often turns pink to bright red within hours, and the area may expand as fluid accumulates in the underlying tissues. Swelling can be mild, limited to a few millimeters, or pronounced, forming a palpable lump that may feel warm to the touch.. Date latest changes:
How can you cheaply remove fleas from a dog at home?
Flea infestations produce distinct signs that allow owners to identify a problem before it spreads. The most reliable indicators include: Excessive scratching, especially around the neck, tail base, and ears. Small, dark specks (flea dirt) on the skin or fur, which turn reddish when moistened.. Date latest changes:
How can lice and nits be eliminated at home in one day?
Lice are obligate ectoparasites that feed exclusively on human blood. The most common species affecting people are Pediculus humanus capitis (head louse) and Pediculus humanus corporis (body louse), each adapted to a specific niche on the host.. Date latest changes:
How to remove fleas from a 2‑month‑old kitten at home?
Removing fleas from a two‑month‑old kitten at home carries a specific risk of anemia. Fleas feed on small volumes of blood; in a kitten weighing less than one kilogram, even a modest infestation can produce a clinically significant drop in red‑cell count.. Date latest changes:
Why does a dog itch when there are no fleas or ticks: possible causes?
The mystery of the itch often puzzles owners who have ruled out fleas and ticks. Understanding the underlying mechanisms helps prevent discomfort and potential skin damage. Allergic reactions rank among the most common triggers. Dogs can develop sensitivities to environmental pollen, dust mites, mold spores, or ingredients in their diet.. Date latest changes:
Can a dog die from a tick bite and what symptoms appear?
Ticks attach to a dog’s skin with specialized mouthparts that pierce the epidermis and embed a feeding tube. During attachment, the tick injects saliva that contains anticoagulants, anesthetics, and immunomodulatory proteins. These substances prevent clotting, mask the bite, and suppress the host’s immune response, creating a channel for pathogens present in the tick’s salivary glands or midgut to enter the bloodstream.. Date latest changes:
How long after a tick bite do encephalitis symptoms appear in humans?
Tick‑borne encephalitis (TBE) is a viral infection of the central nervous system transmitted by the bite of infected Ixodes ticks. The causative agent belongs to the genus Flavivirus and circulates among small mammals such as rodents, which serve as reservoirs.. Date latest changes:
How quickly does a tick bite heal?
Ticks attach by inserting their hypostome, a barbed feeding tube, into the host’s skin. Salivary glands release anticoagulants, anesthetics, and immunomodulatory proteins that prevent clotting, mask the bite, and suppress the host’s immune response.. Date latest changes:
How can you get rid of lice on a kitten?
Lice infestations in kittens manifest through several observable signs. Recognizing these indicators is essential for effective intervention. Small, grayish or brown insects moving quickly through the fur, often visible on the neck, ears, and base of the tail.. Date latest changes:
What do moose lice look like in photos?
Moose lice belong to the genus Trichodectes (family Trichodectidae) and are obligate ectoparasites that live exclusively on the skin and hair of moose ( Alces alces ). Adult specimens are wingless insects, measuring approximately 2–3 mm in length, with a flattened, oval body adapted for navigating dense fur.. Date latest changes:
Fleas are small, laterally compressed insects belonging to the order Siphonaptera. Adults measure 1–4 mm, possess strong hind legs for jumping, and lack wings. Their mouthparts are adapted for piercing skin and sucking blood. The life cycle comprises egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages;. Date latest changes:
How to safely remove a tick from a cat?
Ticks transmit a range of pathogens that can cause severe illness in cats. Bacterial infections such as Bartonella henselae and Rickettsia species may lead to fever, lethargy, and anemia. Protozoal agents, notably Babesia spp., produce hemolytic anemia, jaundice, and organ failure if untreated.. Date latest changes:
What do bed bugs in a woman's dream mean?
Dreams function as a shared symbolic system that transcends culture, allowing the subconscious to convey concerns through familiar images. In this system, insects often embody irritation, invasion, or unresolved tension, and bed bugs specifically evoke notions of unwanted presence within personal space.. Date latest changes:
How can you safely remove lice from a child?
Head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) are tiny, wingless insects that live on the human scalp and feed exclusively on blood. Adult specimens measure 2–4 mm, are tan to gray‑brown, and possess six legs equipped with claws that cling to hair shafts.. Date latest changes:
Dichlorvos (2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate) is an organophosphate insecticide with the molecular formula C₄H₇Cl₂O₄P. It appears as a clear, volatile liquid that evaporates rapidly at ambient temperature, allowing it to act as a fumigant.. Date latest changes:
How are cat fleas dangerous to humans?
Cat fleas (Ctenocephalides felis) are small, wing‑less insects measuring 1–3 mm in length. They belong to the order Siphonaptera and are the most common ectoparasite of domestic cats, though they also infest dogs, wildlife, and occasionally humans.. Date latest changes:
Bedbugs (Cimex lectularius) are small, oval insects measuring 4–5 mm in length when fully fed and 2–3 mm after a period of fasting. Their bodies are flat dorsally, allowing them to conceal themselves within narrow crevices such as mattress seams, baseboard cracks, and furniture joints.. Date latest changes:
What should be done if a dog is itching without fleas?
Itching in a dog that is not caused by fleas usually signals an allergic reaction or a sensitivity. Recognizing the type of allergen is essential for effective treatment. Common sources of allergic irritation include: Food proteins such as beef, chicken, dairy, wheat, soy.. Date latest changes:
What helps get rid of fleas on cats?
Flea infestations in cats produce distinct physical and behavioral indicators that alert owners to the presence of parasites. Recognizing these signs early facilitates prompt treatment and prevents secondary complications. Small, dark specks (flea dirt) on the skin or fur, often visible near the base of the tail or on the abdomen.. Date latest changes:
How can you know if an encephalitis tick bit you?
A tick bite often appears as a small, red puncture surrounded by a raised ring of skin. The entry point may be difficult to see if the tick is still attached; removal typically reveals a faint, dark spot where the mouthparts pierced the epidermis.. Date latest changes:
How to distinguish a tick from another insect
Ticks are hematophagous arachnids capable of transmitting a range of pathogens that affect humans and animals. Their bite delivers saliva containing anticoagulants, which facilitates prolonged feeding and introduces infectious agents directly into the bloodstream.. Date latest changes:
How can you get rid of lice using folk remedies?
Head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) are tiny, wing‑less insects that live exclusively on the human scalp. Adult specimens measure 2–3 mm, are gray‑brown, and cling to hair shafts with six clawed legs. They feed on blood several times a day, causing itching and irritation.. Date latest changes:
How to identify spider mites on cucumbers?
Spider mites represent a common pest of cucumber crops; accurate detection relies on familiarity with their physical structure and developmental progression. Adult spider mites measure 0.2–0.5 mm, possess a flattened oval body, and display a reddish‑brown hue.. Date latest changes:
What size are lice: measurements and features?
Human lice are obligate ectoparasites that differ in morphology, preferred body region, and size. Three species infest humans: Pediculus humanus capitis (head lice), Pediculus humanus humanus (body lice), and Pthirus pubis (pubic or crab lice).. Date latest changes:
What should be used to treat clothing for bedbugs?
Visual inspection of garments provides the first reliable indication of infestation severity and guides the selection of an effective decontamination method. Detecting live insects, eggs, fecal stains, or exuviae confirms that clothing requires immediate intervention rather than simple laundering.. Date latest changes:
How can chickens be treated for lice at home?
Chickens are commonly infested by several lice species, each with distinct habits and preferred attachment sites. Recognizing these differences guides effective home‑based control measures. • Menacanthus stramineus – the most prevalent chewing louse;. Date latest changes:
How to clean an apartment after a bedbug disinfection?
After a bed‑bug disinfection, chemical residues may remain on surfaces, in fabrics, and in the indoor air. These residues can pose health risks, especially to children, pets, and individuals with respiratory sensitivities. Effective removal of leftover pesticides ensures a safe living environment.. Date latest changes:
Fleas feed on feline blood, and heavy infestations can lead to significant blood loss. When the loss exceeds the cat’s capacity to replace red blood cells, anemia develops. Anemia is characterized by reduced hemoglobin concentration, decreased packed cell volume, and diminished oxygen delivery to tissues.. Date latest changes:
In which direction should a tick be twisted on a human?
The hypostome is a hardened, barbed apparatus located at the anterior tip of a tick’s mouthparts. Its serrated edges embed into host tissue, anchoring the parasite while it draws blood. The barbs create a one‑way lock: forward motion during feeding deepens penetration, whereas backward motion meets resistance from the interlocking spikes.. Date latest changes: